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I hate password rules

schneier.com

241–250 of 447 posts

Re: I hate password rules

#241

Can anyone explain to me why even new products have a maximum character limit? I frequently see 16 or 20 maximum characters. If you're hashing the password, why does it matter?

Perhaps to prevent buffer overflow problems. Simplifies development and testing.

Re: I hate password rules

#242
A few years back, not too long ago, I started working on a new contract assignment at a medium size aerospace manufacturer.

I show up and check in with IT department. The system administrator shows me to my desk, and hands me a post it note with my password. Well pass phrase is more like it. It was something like “sliding down the tall building”.

I was quite impressed that they encouraged the use of long pass phrases instead of short cryptic passwords that are hard to remember (think “correct horse battery staple”). This place really is serious about security, I thought.

I thanked the system admin and causally said “I’ll be sure to change this to an equally secure pass phrase”.

“Oh no,” he said, “we don’t allow people to change their passwords here. You see, we need to be able to log into anyone’s computer if they go on vacation or are out of the office, so we keep an Excel worksheet with everyone’s username and password. So please don’t change your password.”

He turns and walks away, and I just sit there stunned, wondering if this was some kind of practical joke.

Sadly he was completely serious. I kept the password they gave me for the 3 months I was there, as I was asked to do, knowing that at any time someone could log in as me and do something illegal or unethical. It really did give me a bit of anxiety.

Re: I hate password rules

#243

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Can I ask what length your passwords are (roughly)? I don't understand the motivation for anything long in the context of randomly generated passwords for websites. 8-10 characters should be plenty. (This isn't to excuse silent truncation.)

If you're using a random password, c29b90b0e25ece3f2dabcef496d22103 is fine for a password, 2^128 bits. It's a right pain to type in on a console though. On the other hand, "rundown skyline pluck shawl pastrami radar refueling poach prankster durable" is far easier to type and is about the same entropy

The entropy is far greater than 2^128. Pastrami, refueling, and shawl don't appear in the top 30,000 English words list, so even knowing your password generation strategy, every word adds at least 15 bits of entropy, you're up to 150 bits, probably more.

Re: I hate password rules

#244
post #166

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Disclosure: I am the cofounder https://www.clerk.dev Here's the direct link to NIST 800-63B - it's really a fantastic document with sensible recommendations on every authentication method: https://pages.nist.gov/800-63-3/sp800-63b.html The tedious part of NIST's password requirements is "Do check for compromised passwords" HaveIBeenPwned exists, but most open source tools don't leverage it and this requirement goes o…

The important part is that the NIST password advice is meant to be read as a whole. Often I see people quote snippets out of the advice, but unless you read and understand the whole document, you run the risk of reducing your security posture.

But even if you didn't read all of it, and just required longer passwords instead of special characters, you'd be improving things.

Re: I hate password rules

#245

My frustration isn't just the sites that make the password rules clear after I submit the form. The worst sites are the ones that truncate my generated password to fit their maximum password length and then don't tell me (which seems to happen in more places than it should).

Can I ask what length your passwords are (roughly)? I don't understand the motivation for anything long in the context of randomly generated passwords for websites. 8-10 characters should be plenty. (This isn't to excuse silent truncation.)

I usually generate passwords in the ~32 character range, using A-Za-z0-9, specifically to catch sites with dumb security policies (maximum number of characters, or considering `aceg1234!` a stronger password than `MgHm7MC8kEuXWKEzD7CvDgxCtWssz964`).

In most cases I just comply with their dumb policy and put a snarky comment for my future self in the Notes field of my password manager and it makes me feel better.

Re: I hate password rules

#246
post #135

In another blog post, linked from this one, Bruce says that the XKCD scheme of stringing together a series of words is no longer safe: > Modern password crackers combine different words from their dictionaries. This is why the oft-cited XKCD scheme for generating passwords — string together individual words like “correcthorsebatterystaple” — is no longer good advice. The password crackers are on to this trick. Is tha…

Yes, more words is ideal. The ideal authentication scheme is that the attacker knows absolutely the system you use but it is still secure within realistic time constraints. So using randomly generated words from a sufficiently long list (such as this one https://www.eff.org/files/2016/07/18/eff_large_wordlist.txt ) and as long as the hashing algorithm is sufficiently complex, then you are mathematically protected wit…

If I understand it correctly, a 4-word password like in XKCD would require about 100,000 rig-years to crack. Do you think that is too low of a safety margin? Or is the problem that most people's word list may be less than 10K words?

Re: I hate password rules

#247

NIST best practice recommendations state: * Require more than 8 characters * Don't require special characters * Don't force the user to reset their password * Do check for compromised passwords * Require MFA * ... All very sensible. https://auth0.com/blog/dont-pass-on-the-new-nist-password-gu...

Why do basically zero companies seem to follow this?

Banks and airlines are of course some of the most egregious offenders, but even tech companies like Apple and FB have complexity requirements on capital letters and numbers. Surely the login security teams at these companies are aware of the NIST recommendations.

Yet a tiny 3 person startup launching a simple crud app is more likely to google the NIST requirements and follow them than any of the biggest billion and trillion dollar market cap companies in the world. Are these companies acting irrationally here? Or is NIST not taking into account the factors that big companies actually care about, like support costs of dealing with account takeovers, etc.?

Re: I hate password rules

#248

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I have multiple financial accounts that still insist on using public-knowledge security questions (which of course I've given fake answers saved in my password manager) instead of just letting me set up proper 2FA. It's infuriating.

Citibank is particularly egregious. 8 character MAXIMUM length, lots of special characters not permitted while requiring numbers and letters, forced password changing every few months, I absolutely hate it.

Are you speaking as an employee or a customer? I just checked my password db for a few Citibank accounts and all of them were far longer than 8 characters.

Re: I hate password rules

#249

NIST best practice recommendations state: * Require more than 8 characters * Don't require special characters * Don't force the user to reset their password * Do check for compromised passwords * Require MFA * ... All very sensible. https://auth0.com/blog/dont-pass-on-the-new-nist-password-gu...

> * Require more than 8 characters If I'm reading this right, it's more than 7 characters. And more than 5 if you don't let users pick the password, which seems surprising. > Memorized secrets SHALL be at least 8 characters in length if chosen by the subscriber. Memorized secrets chosen randomly by the CSP or verifier SHALL be at least 6 characters in length and MAY be entirely numeric.

You’ve read it correctly.

The idea is to mitigate against brute force by account lockout/disable following N failed attempts rather than enforcing greater password length or complexity requirements.

Re: I hate password rules

#250
post #85

NIST best practice recommendations state: * Require more than 8 characters * Don't require special characters * Don't force the user to reset their password * Do check for compromised passwords * Require MFA * ... All very sensible. https://auth0.com/blog/dont-pass-on-the-new-nist-password-gu...

Yup. So many people mess this up, it's infuriating. U.S. banks are the worst.

Even outside of the U.S.
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