Earlier quoted context omitted.
No, the airframe was different and didn't handle the same way as the old one. In order to hide that, Boeing implemented in a terribly negligent way MCAS. Had they accepted it's a different one, and had a different type rating, all would have been fine.
The 737 airframe reached a point where it was not compatible anymore with modern engines. When the 737 was designed, engines where a lot smaller, the nwer turbofans simply don't fit under the wings of a 737 anymore, so they had to be moved forward. That changed flight characteristics, Boeing used MCAS to compensate for that. If I remember correctly, on-board systems of 737 had issues with handling a second sensor for…
This is a textbook example of how the most expensive point to make a change is after the product ships.
An extreme example, perhaps, but a good one.