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Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

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231–240 of 399 posts

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#231
post #41

Biggest issue with older nuclear plants is the material degradation as a consequence of radiation, after a some decades of constant irradiation steel can become as brittle as glass, which is not only not reversible, but it also means that the actual rebar and concrete surrounding the core becomes damaged and the only way to replace that is to rebuild the whole core I am rather against setting up new reactors, given t…

I think you are making a cofusion between thermal fission reactors and fast reactors where neutron radiation is indeed a problem. Rebar and concrete in fission plants ages due to thermal stress plus the usual culprits (humidity, oxygen), not necessarily neutron radiation.

This is not entirely correct, alpha and beta radiation damage the crystaline and quasi-crystaline structures of metals and other materials

Even when the reactors themselves, generally rest on light or heavy water, the steel, titanium and other metals and materials nearby the pellets or rods suffer greatly as a consequence of radiation, so it is not a matter of just neutron degradation, but a generalized problem of the physical interaction between radiation and the molecular structures of the materials

Sadly for my case, my materials science course on University was very, very weak, but last year I found this MITOpenCourse which covers this topic on detail, I would highly recommend it to absolutely everyone interested on the topic

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CjZjVUWMEz0

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#232

It's worth noting that nuclear is really expensive when factoring in insurance and disposable, a lot more so than wind and solar. >The cost of generating solar power ranges from $36 to $44 per megawatt hour (MWh), the WNISR said, while onshore wind power comes in at $29–$56 per MWh. Nuclear energy costs between $112 and $189. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-energy-nuclearpower/nucle...

Current wholesale electricity prices in Germany are $194/MWh: https://www.energylive.cloud/ How much does Germany spend on the military? Cancel it, and spend the money on nuclear power. Otherwise Germany has a significant strategic weakness (gas imports) to Russia, its only realistic enemy.

Germany already spends so little on their military that they have been in breach of their NATO treaty obligations for years.

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#233
post #111
post #90

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Solar + 4 hours of storage clocking in at $40/MWh in ideal conditions. Substitute for windpower and some worse conditions and nuclear energy still look awful from a cost perspective. https://www.energy-storage.news/developer-8minute-says-more-...

Correct me if I'm mistaken, but does night time in Germany sometimes exceed four hours?

I would guess that the night usage is so low that with 4h daytime storage you can sustain all the night usage.

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#234
post #152
post #105

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The Germans have switched from nuclear to coal. Can you cut this "future generations are going to have to carry the cost" when the alternative is literally helping destroy the whole planet's ecosystems? Not to mention they spew up significantly more radioactivity in the air than nuclear powerplants. A 30x30m pool of radioactive fuel is nothing compared to what their powerplants are doing to the future of young genera…

I agree it would have been better to phase out coal before nuclear, but it's not correct to say that there was a switch from nuclear to coal. The switch was from nuclear to renewables. Coal was stable for a long time, and is now decreasing. Coal is currently scheduled to be phased out by 2038. Source: Quick Google image search for the power sources over time plots.

You shouldn't believe a plot the projects that far :P

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#235

Earlier quoted context omitted.

What issues don't the new designs solve that you are worried about?

Nuclear has basically three issues: Cost, Waste and Safety. Cost is already a lost cause for the new reactors. No one making them expects to break even without subsidies. For waste and safety, we'll see. But given it will take 40 years to tell and the last generations except the first were all sold as completely waste free and impervious to any incident... This is the big issue with nuclear: it will take 40 years and…

And the elephant in the room: we don’t have 40 years. We need those reactors today, at most in 5 or so years. Afterwards, they are too late.

I’ve yet to see a reactor selling power to the grid 5 years after construction approval.

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#236
post #48

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Is that why it is impossible to insure a nuclear power plant on the private market?

Being impossible to insure is related more to a high degree of synchronization of risk pools than overall danger of death. Death rates are averages - it is possible that one person dying per time period is rate-equivalent to the whole town dying at once in a once-in-a-tens-of-millenia event. But the risk exposure in that event is quite different. You can get life insurance/death benefits as a mercenary or even as a c…

A couple of years ago there was a study about what this kind of insurance would cost: about 72 billion Euro per year.

> The study proves for the first time the years of market distortion in favor of nuclear energy and at the expense of the competition, said Uwe Leprich from the Saarbrücken University of Technology and Economics. "The study also shows that if you look at the economy from a regulatory perspective, nuclear energy is not competitive."

https://www.manager-magazin.de/finanzen/versicherungen/a-761...

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#237
post #203
post #104

The view I share with a majority of Germans: Costs of nuclear energy are very much a burden that future generations will have to carry. A hundered thousand years of safe storage is not part of the calculation of the energy price. It is also clear now that the the companies running the plants will not pay for the deconstruction of the plants after they reached their end of life. Tax payers have to pay for this, and a…

Nuclear energy kills about zero person per annum. Coal itself kills at least 50000 Europeans every year. Even taking into account the worst case scenarios such as Chernobyl, coal (and fossil fuels generally) is several orders of magnitudes more dangerous than nuclear. I just don't get this mindset. People prefer killing literaly millions of persons right now while there's a safer alternative. That's incredible, reall…

There is a safer alternative in the short term. The two are comparable in the long term for safety. Also "Coal itself kills at least 50000 Europeans every year." is far from a truth. Coal may have increased the chance of death by some amount for at least 50000 Europeans every year is more correct.

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#238
post #172
post #133

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> Nuclear produces electricity 24/7, independent of weather with no backup required. When the plant is not offline…

When is it offline? A few days (or weeks) every 12-24 months? I don't think it's a major problem with a network of nuclear plants, you can plan the fuel replacement and have a steady power supply (nationwide). You can control when the downtime happens, unlike in other power sources.

Much more often on average for nuclear plants. Avg capacity factor is 83% according to https://www.world-nuclear.org/getmedia/3418bf4a-5891-4ba1-b6...

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#239

It's worth noting that nuclear is really expensive when factoring in insurance and disposable, a lot more so than wind and solar. >The cost of generating solar power ranges from $36 to $44 per megawatt hour (MWh), the WNISR said, while onshore wind power comes in at $29–$56 per MWh. Nuclear energy costs between $112 and $189. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-energy-nuclearpower/nucle...

[deleted]

Re: Intellectuals urge Germany to keep nuclear plants online

#240
post #105
post #104

The view I share with a majority of Germans: Costs of nuclear energy are very much a burden that future generations will have to carry. A hundered thousand years of safe storage is not part of the calculation of the energy price. It is also clear now that the the companies running the plants will not pay for the deconstruction of the plants after they reached their end of life. Tax payers have to pay for this, and a…

The Germans have switched from nuclear to coal. Can you cut this "future generations are going to have to carry the cost" when the alternative is literally helping destroy the whole planet's ecosystems? Not to mention they spew up significantly more radioactivity in the air than nuclear powerplants. A 30x30m pool of radioactive fuel is nothing compared to what their powerplants are doing to the future of young genera…

> The Germans have switched from nuclear to coal.

No, they did not. https://www.cleanenergywire.org/sites/default/files/styles/p...

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