The article goes into depth about debates about the right dose. What I was told is that you just have to experiment yourself.
I've personally found for myself, when I have to shift my bedtime/schedule a few hours earlier:
- The 3 mg tablets (smallest I could find at my drugstore) get me to sleep no problem... but them I'm groggy the next day until late afternoon. The melatonin is clearly still in my system, the whole day I just want to nap. So way too much
- The supposedly "correct" 0.3 mg (1/10th of a tablet) gets me to sleep basically just as well... but then I wake up constantly throughout the night and sleep really lightly. I have to assume the melatonin wears off, and I don't have enough naturally produced to fully compensate
- A quarter-tablet (0.75 mg) is just right. Sleep like a log, but not groggy in the morning.
The right dose for you may be different, but I hope that maybe helps people identify the signs of too much or too little. And it's not too hard to cut the tablets as well with just a paring knife or something.
I've also heard that the actual strength of drugstore melatonin tablets is not necessarily even remotely consistent across brands, I don't know if that's true or not. But it might be a good reason, once you've determined your optimal dose with a brand, to stick to it.