The EU has a federated public key cryptography based identity system. The member states recognize identities issued by other member states, but there is no central system. In any case, the private key is stored on a plastic ID, which acts as a smart card and can be hooked up to a smartphone/PC for identity verification and document signing online. The key is only released with a PIN, and the databases online only sto…
Every time things like this come up, everyone asks why don't we just thing that looks like a national identity system to fix the issue, as if that never occurred to anyone in Congress. This is why: it violates the Constitution. Short of amending the Constitution, which seems highly unlikely, the US will never have a national identity system like European countries.