Earlier quoted context omitted.
To clarify what dukeyukey said a little further: The Black Death killed 40-50% of the population indiscriminately . Wars killed able-bodied men in their prime almost exclusively—removing a huge chunk of those best able to bring in the harvest (many able-bodied women can help, of course, but some percentage of those are pregnant or caring for babies for much of the day), without removing a proportional chunk of those…
> Wars killed able-bodied men in their prime almost exclusively Definitely not true and increasingly not. Civilians, especially old and vulnerable die due to violence of soldiers, general violence, lack of food, medicine, having to move without support and so on. Armies extract very much needed resources and destabilize places. Plus, civilians are often targets - WWII notoriously killed more civilians then soldiers.…
And sure, wars could target civilians, and sometimes did. But what you can be guaranteed of in a war is that soldiers will die.