Live data from Hacker News

FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

fda.gov

41–50 of 71 posts

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#41
post #39
post #22

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Gotta rotate the supplies. This is why even though I've _reduced_ my use of bottled water, I keep an active supply of bottles on hand at a level sufficient for an emergency and consume through the stock to keep it fresh.

What for use?

When water stops coming out of the pipes

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#42
post #36
post #28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The current smallpox vaccines stockpiled in the US use a live virus¹ and have a fairly high rate of serious side effects (1–2%) for a disease that doesn't currently exist. The vaccines are also still effective a few days after exposure to smallpox. ¹ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinia

Also, the way the smallpox vaccine is administered is mildly gruesome: > A droplet of ACAM2000 is administered by the percutaneous route (scarification) using 15 jabs of a bifurcated needle . ACAM2000 should not be injected by the intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous route. (emphasis mine) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox_vaccine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifurcated_needle

If routine vaccination was re-started, the Modified Vaccinia Ankara – Bavarian Nordic strain would probably be used, it's a two-dose intramuscular injection, same scheduled as the Moderna vaccine, and is approved in the US under the name "Jynneos". No scarring either, I would assume. In an emergency, ACAM2000 is a single dose and there's a lot of it, so it would be used in people who's immune system is good enough.

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#44
post #43

Earlier quoted context omitted.

When water stops coming out of the pipes

Sorry I asked for what is practical rolling use of smallpox vaccine.

Nothing stays viable forever. You may be able to dump it into preservative brine, but you can't halt spontaneous nuclear breakdown.

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#45
post #36
post #28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The current smallpox vaccines stockpiled in the US use a live virus¹ and have a fairly high rate of serious side effects (1–2%) for a disease that doesn't currently exist. The vaccines are also still effective a few days after exposure to smallpox. ¹ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinia

Also, the way the smallpox vaccine is administered is mildly gruesome: > A droplet of ACAM2000 is administered by the percutaneous route (scarification) using 15 jabs of a bifurcated needle . ACAM2000 should not be injected by the intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous route. (emphasis mine) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox_vaccine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifurcated_needle

...and a complex procedure: https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/vaccine-basics/who-gets-vaccina...

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#46
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

There are a lot more people who will soon have access to genome fabrication technology (there are already companies that do this as a service) than can break into a BSL4+ laboratory and steal one of the few remaining smallpox samples.

Would smallpox survive in a microscope slide? I remember my late grandpa had a microscope slide labeled smallpox in his basement. He was an old time doctor and had all sorts of neat things down there after he died. I don’t remember what happened but think the slide is still sitting in a storage shed or something. Always been curious about the risk of having such a slide.

Based on my minimal understanding, viruses are too small to be seen under an optical microscope regardless of lens quality. Interesting imaging is done with an electron microscope. I would therefore guess that slide is focusing on tissue damaged by smallpox, not of the virus itself. It is therefore likely that the virus was rendered inert as a result of the same processes that were used to preserve the sample.

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#47
post #24

How can you test the effectiveness of this drug against smallpox?

From the article: > Because smallpox is eradicated, the effectiveness of Tembexa was studied in animals infected with viruses that are closely related to the variola virus. Effectiveness was determined by measuring animals’ survival at the end of the studies. More animals treated with Tembexa survived compared to the animals treated with placebo. FDA approved Tembexa under the agency’s Animal Rule, which allows findi…

Vaccinia, the smallpox vaccine, is a very closely related virus. You infect someone with it, they maybe get a bad rash at worst, and then they are immune to many of the poxes. Cowpox can and has been used the same way, too. This is why vaccination is named after cows.

Some poxes are awful for the primary host. Camelpox apparently kills about a quarter of camels that contract it. Just like smallpox (humanpox?) kills about 25% of humans, actually. But camelpox rarely even infects humans, and is self-limiting when it does.

Monkeypox is bad in humans. Almost as bad as smallpox, but not as contagious.

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#48
post #30
post #24

Earlier quoted context omitted.

From the article: > Because smallpox is eradicated, the effectiveness of Tembexa was studied in animals infected with viruses that are closely related to the variola virus. Effectiveness was determined by measuring animals’ survival at the end of the studies. More animals treated with Tembexa survived compared to the animals treated with placebo. FDA approved Tembexa under the agency’s Animal Rule, which allows findi…

There’s a variant of pox for most animals, they aren’t dangerous to us. There’s even 2 variants of kangeroopox. Not even joking.

TIL factoid of the month, easily.

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#49
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Would smallpox survive in a microscope slide? I remember my late grandpa had a microscope slide labeled smallpox in his basement. He was an old time doctor and had all sorts of neat things down there after he died. I don’t remember what happened but think the slide is still sitting in a storage shed or something. Always been curious about the risk of having such a slide.

No, if the slide was prepared for storage the sample would have been embedded in a preservative with the cover glass glued down around the perimeter. The sample would likely be mixed with a mixture of alcohol, glycerin, and acetic acid known as AGA to prevent decomposition, this would kill any bacteria or viruses in the sample. I have a microscope from my uncle, also a doctor, which came with a ton of slides he prepa…

How the hell can they get all these bits of humans for so cheap? As much as I love high value chinese stuff on amazon this one sorta creeps me out

Re: FDA approves drug to treat smallpox

#50
I'm confused by the FDA. So last June, there were 3 COVID vaccines that passed phase I clinical trials and animal challenge studies. There was an active pandemic raging, and vaccines were almost certainly had 100x less risk for those over 65 (a statistical no brained)

But somehow, they kept all vaccines banned for another 6 months killing hundreds of thousands. Nothing.

But in the last week they approved an Alzheimer's drug that basically doesn't work (they have 9 years to prove it) and a smallpox drug with no human studies.

Why couldn't we have unbanned the vaccines long before we did? Those that said we can't possibly approve something without following an exact process this week we're just totally proven wrong.

I think the bar for "not banning" should be lower. The bar for "medicare must pay infinity dollars for it" should be higher.

Post reply on HN