Earlier quoted context omitted.
Modern science doesn't have peer review! Peer review works within a community, scientists review each other's work to decide who to trust. But the public and funding agencies are not part of that review! So why to we believe or fund the results? Either we are not their peers and should not engage with them, or we should be reviewing their work as part of the publication process. We also have "peers" in criminal prose…
The problem is that laypeople or bureaucrats can't judge highly specialized technical contributions. It's already difficult to do if your subfield is a different niche.
It's not that difficult, at least in science and science-adjacent fields. The scientific method still follows the same principles.
If you are used to reading papers, you can tell when someone has elided important detail, or not included the evidence for their claims - or, if someone [or a whole subfield] is using technical language to obfuscate their work.