Earlier quoted context omitted.
My Volvo has a cellular radio in it that I cannot disable with pulling a fuse for a bunch of things. I've always assumed that the car uploads everything to Volvo without my knowledge or permission. I'll bet law enforcement can just ask Volvo for my data without needing a tool.
Apparently new cars sold since 2018 have to have a way to automatically contact emergency services after a crash, so they all probably come with a SIM card: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECall My guess is the manufacturer wants to upload "diagnostic" data, they would just use that same SIM card. And you probably can't disable it because it's a legal requirement (or, maybe you can on your Volvo?). Maybe one could just…
>The in-vehicle system has a valid SIM that enables the provision of the eCall service. It is to be configured only for making an eCall, or it could also be used, in addition and as optional, for commercial service provision. In the first case, the IVS will be in a dormant mode (not traceable and active only in case of eCall triggering)
https://eena.org/wp-content/uploads/eCall-and-open-issues-20...