Earlier quoted context omitted.
When it comes to public policy I think it's better to focus on how things turn out in reality rather than how they were intended or designed to turn out.
Correct. And how it turned out is that very, very few people earn minimum wage. In 1979 it was 13.4% In 2017 it was 2.3% In 2017, 1% of workers aged 25 or older earned minimum wage. 8% of working teenagers do. https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/minimum-wage/2017/home.htm
It turns out to be somewhat difficult to find statistics for which fraction of workers earn their state's minimum wage or less; focusing just on California [2], it seems that at least 4%, or ~630,000, CA workers were earning at or below the CA minimum wage in 2017. In other words, the 1.3 million figure given as "the number of minimum wage workers" is almost certainly off by a large factor, once you take into account different minimum wages.
[1] https://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/state-min...
[2] https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/data/oes-employment-a...; the 630k figure comes from looking at the industries in the "State of California" summary sheet that have a "25th percentile" wage of 10.50 or less, then taking 25% of the workers in those industries to get a lower-bound estimate.