Earlier quoted context omitted.
You can't enslave an animal that lacks free will and intellect by nature. Whether such farming practices are cruel is dependent on the particular practices. Obviously, one ought not be cruel to animals whether they lack free will and intellect or not. However, much of the woolly and sentimental "animal rights" polemic is grounded in gross misapprehension and anthropomorphization of animals other than us. It is terrib…
> You can't enslave an animal that lacks free will and intellect by nature. I challenge you to define “free will” in a way which is simultaneously testable, and also something humans have and other animals lack. I have yet to hear a single definition which is all three at the same time, despite my A-level in philosophy — every testable definition I’ve encountered has either been something animals and humans both have…
every animal, except humans, lack the neurological structures to process the concept of "free will" which is entirely a human construct.
If they had free will, they would fight for it or at least some of them would.
One could argue that we still don't know the human brain, so how can we exclude that animals haven't what it takes to understand free will?
But it's the same thing of saying that God exists because we can't disprove it.
And if we assume that cows understand it, why exclude other animals, like fish, or some plant or fungi?
We assume they don't have it because they never showed to care about it.
Cattle can be incredibly aggressive too.
it is proven that regardless of age and environmental conditions, some individuals remain more aggressive than others. Aggression in cattle can arise from both genetic and environmental factors.
Aggression between cows is worse than that between bulls. Bulls with horns will bunt (push or strike with the horns) in which can cause more damage overall
interesting read from Dennet
https://lafavephilosophy.x10host.com/dennett_anim_csness.htm...