Steve Jobs once said "don't make your users do shit work", or something to that effect. To me, that boils down to three things:
1) managing resources manually, be it memory, storage, organization, etc
2) giving information that the computer already knows
3) waiting
So I count as 10x innovations, things which massively reduce those three:
1) Plug-n-Play, DNS, and all forms of auto-configuration.
2) WiFi, LTE, and Broadband. Seriously, I started on 300bps modems in the 80s, and my first internet access was at 2400baud in the late 80s over dialup. It's hard to remember how long I used to have to wait, for pretty much everything.
3) Web vs "install". Web Surfing created a new stateless paradigm: Always up to date, effortless changing, like TV channel surfing, and as soon as you leave the site, you can forget about it. No "uninstalling", no shit-work created for later cleanup. The Web Cache eliminated the need to INSTALL. Regrettable, Steve Jobs reintroduced this paradigm back, which I think is a huge step backwards. Phone apps should stream in as needed and be cached, and be evicted when space is needed. I should never ever have to visit my phone's storage page and delete stuff.
4) Automatic information organization. Search. Web Search, Gmail bundling/auto-folders/priority/spam detection, Google Photos. Google Photos is the latest example. I take as many photos as I want. I never organize them. I don't make albums. I don't do anything. Peace of mind. My stuff is there. And When I need to find that photo of my daughter with a panda and a yellow raincoat, it finds it.
Don't waste my time with uploading and organizing my photos.
5) Service economy. Uber, Doordash, Amazon. I need something, or I need to get somewhere? It's incredibly easy to get it, and get it quickly, compared to what it was 20 years ago.
6) the iPhone. I was an early adopter of smart phones for years. PalmPhones, Nokia Communicator, iPAQ, etc. It wasn't until the iPhone combined a full-screen touch interface with a REAL Web browser, not XHTML Mobile, or WML, but a REAL browser experience, combined with fast WiFi, that the phone truly turned into a usable mobile experience for me. Sorry, but even expensive Nokia smartphones, and Java Personal Profile, and Wifi-enabled feature phones, or XHTML Mobile on Opera Mobile, couldn't hold a candle to this. The iPhone 2g also had usable YouTube and Google Maps out of the box. It was a quantum leap.
7) The Voodoo1 3DFx. It's hard to describe, but the Voodoo1 + Quakeworld was a tipping point, to me it marks the dividing line in history between gimped, and shitty wannabe 3d accelerators, and the first one that had enough power and capability to run a real time multiplayer first person shooter. (Also, hats off to Carmack's ping compensating netcode)
8) Linux. I started out on BSD (FreeBSD), and before that on IRIX, HPUX, and Solaris at college, but there's no denying that Linux was the inflection point for widespread adoption of Unix everywhere. And that widespread adoption meant anything else you wanted to do was much easier. In the 80s and 90s, whenever I downloaded Unix software, getting it to compiler was an exercise in frustration, patching, Configure scripts, compiler errors from incompatible .h files or libraries on your system, etc
9) Containerization. Enough said.
10) git / hg, github. If you grew up on CVS and SVN, you know why.
I mean, there's lots more, but I would say all of the innovations boil down to reducing or removing cognitive burdens and lost time. If you can do something for me without me having to worry or work on it, and/or wait for it, you might be 10x.
Don't ask me to do stuff. Don't make me learn stuff. Figure out what I need to do, what I want to do, and help me do it, getting what you need by osmosis, or by asking for a minimal amount of information.
oh, and if other people have already done it, making it really easy for me to find and reuse, or to share.