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The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

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Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#51
post #23

One of the things I find really cool about Ingenuity is how it is in large based on consumer hardware. The main processor is a Snapdragon 801 running Linux which communicates with Perseverance using the Zigbee protocol [1]. Perseverance on the other hand uses a RAD750 from 2001! If successful I hope this can lead to more modern hardware for these kinds of missions in general. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenui…

As the name RAD750 indicates, that processor is designed to be radiation hardened which matters for longer missions. I doubt the Snapdragon 801 will survive as long or have as few errors but it also doesn't matter since Ingenuity isn't aimed for long term usage.

It’s less about longevity and more about reducing errors. Interestingly, Ingenuity has some sort of watchdog that can reset the Snapdragon in-flight fast enough to recover if there is an error.

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#52

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Given the weight of the craft and thin atmosphere, I would be surprised if there was any noticeable surface disturbance anytime outside of takeoff/landing.

Wouldn’t a thin atmosphere cause more disturbance? Naively, something thick and soupy is easier to push around than something thick and heavy.

Atmosphere is required to carry the energy that would cause disturbance. With no atmosphere, there are few molecules in the space around the copter to transfer the energy to the surface.

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#53

Earlier quoted context omitted.

One of the fascinating things about space silicon is that NASA spends many years hardening specific processors to withstand the types of shocks and electromagnetic interference from space travel. These intensive processes mean that the equipment they can use is always 10-20 years behind the modern equivalents.

Aren't smaller transistor sizes also more susceptible to radiation issues which means you can't really use newer processors without ever more effort in radiation hardening?

Smaller transistors also have a smaller cross-section so for the same number of transistors this somewhat cancels out.

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#54
post #6

Wikipedia page about the Ingenuity helicopter: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenuity_(helicopter) I didn't realise it was so large (1.8 kg, 1.2 m diameter rotors). I suppose it has to have the large rotors to be able to generate lift in the thin atmosphere, 1/160th of the density [edit: pressure, not density - thanks Robotbeat] of the earth's atmosphere at sea level according to the article.

Wow, I never realized it might be 160 times harder to get off the ground on Mars. Perhaps lower gravity helps on the other hand, though the difference definitely seems way lower (please correct me if my physics is wrong).

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#55
post #6

Wikipedia page about the Ingenuity helicopter: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenuity_(helicopter) I didn't realise it was so large (1.8 kg, 1.2 m diameter rotors). I suppose it has to have the large rotors to be able to generate lift in the thin atmosphere, 1/160th of the density [edit: pressure, not density - thanks Robotbeat] of the earth's atmosphere at sea level according to the article.

Turns out it’s not quite so bad. 1/160th the pressure doesn’t mean 1/160th density because CO2 is denser for the same pressure, especially Martian temperatures. And Jezero crater is much lower than Mars “sea level.”

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#56
post #35
post #11

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Sadly, this helicopter won't record any footage, it is only meant to test flight control and to proof that the idea will work for future missions. There is a interesting Veritasium episode (youtube) that talks about this (interviewing the actual designer from the JPL). The only footage will be from Perseverance filming the flight.

This is not correct, there are multiple downward facing cameras [a]: 1) Navigation (NAV) Camera. This is a global-shutter, nadir pointed grayscale 640 by 480 pixel sensor (Omnivision OV7251) mounted to a Sunny optics module. It has a field-of-view (FOV) of 133 deg (horizontal) by 100 deg (vertical) with an average Instantaneous Field-of-view (IFOV) of 3.6 mRad/pixel, and is capable of acquiring images at 10 frames/se…

Shouldn't that be a Return-to-Mars (RTM) Camera?

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#57
post #35
post #11

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Sadly, this helicopter won't record any footage, it is only meant to test flight control and to proof that the idea will work for future missions. There is a interesting Veritasium episode (youtube) that talks about this (interviewing the actual designer from the JPL). The only footage will be from Perseverance filming the flight.

This is not correct, there are multiple downward facing cameras [a]: 1) Navigation (NAV) Camera. This is a global-shutter, nadir pointed grayscale 640 by 480 pixel sensor (Omnivision OV7251) mounted to a Sunny optics module. It has a field-of-view (FOV) of 133 deg (horizontal) by 100 deg (vertical) with an average Instantaneous Field-of-view (IFOV) of 3.6 mRad/pixel, and is capable of acquiring images at 10 frames/se…

But aren't those cameras just for navigation and won't record or stream any footage?

Edit: spelling

Re: The Mars Helicopter Is Online and Getting Ready to Fly

#60
post #15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Wow, that’s disappointing. I’m surprised they couldn’t squeeze a basic mobile phone camera module on there just for the sake of it.

I had initially assumed that they would be using it for aerial photos to improve navigation decisions. Kind of sad if not.

There absolutely are cameras on board, and yes they are used for navigation.

My original question relates more to bandwidth, storage and processing limitation which may mean that we won’t see high quality 30 FPS video.

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