Except with pressure changes, physiology absolutely changes. There is some room for error within small changes..but at extremes its definitely different. (and Mars is 100% an extreme)
Its why in SCUBA you have to calculate MOD for nitrox. Because the partial pressures of oxygen will kill you. We only breath about 21% oxygen in air. And after rec depths, you often using different mixtures and take on decompression obligations, trimix, heliox etc. At certain pressures, things like HPNS will also have an effect.
You definately cant survive in a vacuum either with just a mask. Its why pressure suits are a thing.