This is mostly nonsense. There is nothing wrong with there being more shares short than shares outstanding. It just seems problematic, until you think it through. Person A has 1 share of company Y. Person B borrows 1 share of company Y from person A, and then sells it into the market. This is called a short sale. But person B just sold their borrowed share. Now that share is owned by person C. Person C can now lend i…
> Shorting behaves the same way that fractional reserve banking does Yes. Except that the fractional reserve banking system has a lender of last resort.
Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
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Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#242This is mostly nonsense. There is nothing wrong with there being more shares short than shares outstanding. It just seems problematic, until you think it through. Person A has 1 share of company Y. Person B borrows 1 share of company Y from person A, and then sells it into the market. This is called a short sale. But person B just sold their borrowed share. Now that share is owned by person C. Person C can now lend i…
>Person A has 1 share of company Y. Person B borrows 1 share of company Y from person A, and then sells it into the market. This is called a short sale. But person B just sold their borrowed share. Now that share is owned by person C. What happens to Person A in this scenario?
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#243Wow, it seems like none of the top commenters here have put in at least minimal effort to read and understand this. The author does not complain about short sellers per se or about the fact that more than 100% of a stock's float can be shorted. That is all nice and fine. Instead what the author does complain about is that fact that the (supposedly regulated) mechanisms for shorting a stock are fraught with loopholes…
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#244Earlier quoted context omitted.
Isn't selling something you don't own a fraud or the stock market has an exemption? The instance when A essentially sells the share to B accepting the right to receive the share back as a payment also wouldn't fly in any other environment, as this could just open the door to money laundering. So why is this accepted in the stock market? Or simply the law enforcement doesn't know how to tackle it?
> Isn't selling something you don't own a fraud or the stock market has an exemption? I call up Dominos and order a pepperoni pizza. They take my order and process my credit card. They’ve just sold me a pizza that doesn’t exist. Is this fraud?
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#245Earlier quoted context omitted.
Isn't selling something you don't own a fraud or the stock market has an exemption? The instance when A essentially sells the share to B accepting the right to receive the share back as a payment also wouldn't fly in any other environment, as this could just open the door to money laundering. So why is this accepted in the stock market? Or simply the law enforcement doesn't know how to tackle it?
Fraud requires intent to deceive. Where's the intent to deceive in short selling?
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#246Earlier quoted context omitted.
Fraud requires intent to deceive. Where's the intent to deceive in short selling?
Selling something you don't own.
If I sell you an August-settled coffee future, that's a promise to deliver you coffee in August. Is it fraudulent if I don't have the coffee right now? After all, I've sold you something I don't own.
Of course it isn't. What matters is that the contract is fulfilled, and for equity sales in the US, the contract states that a share will be delivered to the buyer 2 days after the transaction.
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#247Earlier quoted context omitted.
> This is mostly nonsense. Agreed. People should be able to take the pessimistic side of a trade. The one problem I could see with short selling is not the technical act of selling short, but the (dis)information campaign around a company that appears to follow. But, this happens both ways good and bad so it's probably a wash. > Most of Wall Street hates short sellers, because they drive down the prices of companies…
> But, this happens both ways good and bad so it's probably a wash. Only if you ignore reality. Huge hedge funds are called market movers for a reason. These hedge funds decide to short your company's stock and they have a direct impact on your stock value regardless of whether the hedge fund has any basis for actually shorting. Their "reason" can be 100% bullshit. Doesn't matter. They put a large short position on y…
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#248Earlier quoted context omitted.
> Does your broker automatically loan out your shares? The “loopholes” are intentional carve outs for market makers [1]. Something you want unless you like market makers disconnecting every time the market hiccups. [1] https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/17/242.203
“Market makers” shouldn’t get to mess around with shares they don’t have. This whole idea of privileged traders, T+X settlement, etc is just crazy to someone who’s been used to trading crypto.
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#249Earlier quoted context omitted.
Isn't selling something you don't own a fraud or the stock market has an exemption? The instance when A essentially sells the share to B accepting the right to receive the share back as a payment also wouldn't fly in any other environment, as this could just open the door to money laundering. So why is this accepted in the stock market? Or simply the law enforcement doesn't know how to tackle it?
People sell things they don’t own all the time line their house or car. When you borrow a share and sell it, you’re really renting it to find one much like someone rented it to you. It’s like subletting an apartment you’re renting from a landlord. In the end there’s a chain and if the person who lent you the share wants it back then the person you loaned it to will need to produce it for you, etc. This is why we have…
Re: Counterfeiting Stock – Explaining illegal naked shorting and stock manipulation
#250Earlier quoted context omitted.
> The price of anything is a result of its some intrinsic value and the volume of supply. No. The price of a stock is the value of its discounted cash flows. Shorting creates synthetic shares, that guarantee the new longs an exactly replicated stream of cash flows. This doesn’t make the original shares any less valuable, because they still have the same cash flows. Imagine someone conjured a new company, called Tesla…
You cannot reduce ownership of a stock to discounted cash flow. Owning shares (mostly) comes with shareholder rights like voting. To me it is pretty obvious selling more of those rights than exist is fraudulent.
And you don't get extra voting rights for shorting (borrowing) a share.
https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/05/shortsalevotingr...