Earlier quoted context omitted.
Why wouldn't it? In the end this is a people problem, not a tech problem. And both Silicon Valley and Bangladesh have some form of "local" meritocracy. Meritocracy applied and working within your stratum but not across the boundaries. Whether you're poor or in a lower caste you still get some form of meritocracy within your group to keep you content and motivated. But crossing the boundary to the next level, while no…
You don't think things like access to education, medical care, clean water, nutritious food, vaccinations, quality public schools, subsidized colleges, rule of law, minimal corruption, limited impact of religious identify, avaiable reliable housing might have an impact on the outcomes?
If you don't have access to schooling and someone else does then that's something that will make you always start with a handicap when competing with them. The boundary, whether education or medical services, is there so one layer feels safe from the inferior one. People want it there even if this means they start off with a handicap compared to the superior layer. Most people are more afraid of losing what they have than they are keen on winning something they don't already have.