> University systems have the major problem that a significant portion of students are only there for a degree, and their participation is playing the game in order to get that piece of paper, and the GPA number rating them.
In defense of the students, they're just following the incentive gradient in front of them.
For all the romantic notions about how college should be optimized for exploration and "real learning", only a small percentage of people actually want that. And that's fine! Not everyone needs to be that sort of person; you should be able to have a reasonably comfortable career even if you aren't.
But the world is set up right now such that, without a university degree, you fall through the cracks and it's game over. In lots of high-earning jobs, a degree is either de jure required (law, medicine), or de facto required as most major employers won't look at you without one (finance, most tech stuff). So universities become degree mills because that's what the market demands, and students are only there so they can get a job afterward.
To fix the universities, you have to fix the incentives.