There's a really good explanation of different loopholes in calculating carbon emissions in the Microsoft carbon target announcement from last year[1]. Eg do you count secondary services your employees use, like food services or emissions from their commute? Do you count partner services, like shipping providers for physical product? These, along with your direct emissions, are categorized into three "scopes" of emis…
Reminds me of “I, Pencil”. Here’s Milton Friedman’s 2 minute video about it: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=67tHtpac5ws The sheer number of vendors google has makes it nearly impossible to be 100% carbon neutral.
Large vendors already offer the estimated carbon emissions of an order, and they certainly do when Microsoft or Google ask them to.
Aside: the moral high bar MS sets here is being "net zero", which is quite different than carbon neutral.