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The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

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Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#21

As you walk your way down the table is there a correlation with elements being more “recycled” for lack of a better term? Ie. H and He are the basest elements and then everything else is formed through increasing amount of processes? Having a hard time articulating this one.

The process that drives stars is fusion, which turns light elements into heavier (strictly greater atomic number) elements, up to iron. Elements heavier than iron are created in supernovas, neutron star collisions etc.

Many heavier elements are unstable and will radioactively decay into light elements.

So it is a continual process both ways.

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#22
post #8

As you walk your way down the table is there a correlation with elements being more “recycled” for lack of a better term? Ie. H and He are the basest elements and then everything else is formed through increasing amount of processes? Having a hard time articulating this one.

It certainly makes sense: you need more complex machinery to form more complex elements.

> It certainly makes sense: you need more complex machinery to form more complex elements.

Probably time as much as machinery: in the hyper-energetic early universe, it would have been harder for matter to get close together long enough to form large atoms. (I just push back slightly because I think complex elements aren't really complex, just big, requiring a stable environment for 'assembly'—but I am a mathematician, not a physicist or chemist, so I wouldn't be surprised to be wildly wrong.)

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#23
This chart brings up the question of HOW exactly each element is created...

A long time ago, in Alchemy, there was the idea that certain elements could be transformed into other elements by alchemical processes. This idea, back then, was called "Transmutation".

Now, scientists of today know transmutation as possible, but only with select heavy elements, and only in atom smashers/cyclotrons/large hadron colliders -- call them by whatever name you will.

Also, there exist radioactive elements which, over (usually!) very long periods of time, decay or transmute, into lighter elements.

The common theme, in all of the above, is radiation.

In other words, radiation is somehow linked to the transformation of elements.

Now, with that in mind, if I may posit an impromptu hypothesis, and that is, not all radiation is created equal...

In other words, you have alpha rays, beta rays, x-rays, gamma rays, etc. Or call them particles instead of rays if you prefer.

Anyway, Each of these particles/rays has different penetrating power. An alpha ray/particle (if I recall correctly) is blocked by a piece of paper, but it takes yards and yards of cement or metal to block a gamma ray -- and that's even if you can do it.

But, here's the thing.

Usually we see heat in the role of transforming things, not so much from element to element, but from compound to elements (i.e., refining iron from iron ore).

So, with that in mind, here's the hypothesis:

Perhaps heat -- is actually radiation, but at a lower scale/magnitude/area of effect/penetration-of-space/ability to traverse a distance, power.

In other words -- heat is localized radiation.

Or, phrased another way, radiation is heat -- but sent outward to a non-local distance.

So why is radiation "cold" at a distance to us humans?

Well, remember that that's a scale effect (the underlying energy should have the same pattern regardless of scale, that is, scale could be much smaller), and the Inverse Square Law (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse-square_law) still applies.

So, heat as localized radiation, and radiation as larger-in-scale-with-respect-to-distance heat.

A crackpot theory?

Perhaps!

You be the judge!

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#24

As you walk your way down the table is there a correlation with elements being more “recycled” for lack of a better term? Ie. H and He are the basest elements and then everything else is formed through increasing amount of processes? Having a hard time articulating this one.

The process that drives stars is fusion, which turns light elements into heavier (strictly greater atomic number) elements, up to iron. Elements heavier than iron are created in supernovas, neutron star collisions etc. Many heavier elements are unstable and will radioactively decay into light elements. So it is a continual process both ways.

Do they decay to some stable middle region or are they decaying right back down to hydrogen? I’m guessing this is about entropy to an extent.

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#25
post #4

How did elements created by a merging neutron stars and dying low-mass stars get down to our planet?

The follow up question is, how come the different elements aren't uniformly mixed within the earth. Or perhaps formed into stratified layers with the densest at the centre? E.g. Why are there 'deposits' of gold relatively close to the surface? Something to do with interaction of the physical and chemical properties of the elements with local variations in conditions?

Yes you're right. Geologic and biologic processes unevenly distribute the elements

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#26
I don't like that these don't also take into account secondary events (like non catastrophic fusion nucleosynthesis, or radioactive decay). And maybe some indication that nearly all helium on earth is not primordial, which is not the case in the universe.

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#28

This chart brings up the question of HOW exactly each element is created... A long time ago, in Alchemy, there was the idea that certain elements could be transformed into other elements by alchemical processes. This idea, back then, was called "Transmutation". Now, scientists of today know transmutation as possible, but only with select heavy elements, and only in atom smashers/cyclotrons/large hadron colliders -- c…

Riddle me this.

Why are there 4 fields (strong nuclear, weak nuclear, electromagnetic, gravity).

What even is a 'field'.

Why does gravity affect the other three?

What is time? What is space? What is quantum entanglement?

Why is there a universal speed limit?

Why do you need an 'equal and opposite reaction' to gain momentum, why can't you just convert angular energy directtly into linear energy in a single direction?

Why is there a universe at all, instead of nothing?

Etc, etc.

But as far as 'what is heat', you should read more, or just google your questions.

You might be surprised at how many other people have asked the same questions, and then set out to answer them, but with evidence. It's called "Science".

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#29

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The process that drives stars is fusion, which turns light elements into heavier (strictly greater atomic number) elements, up to iron. Elements heavier than iron are created in supernovas, neutron star collisions etc. Many heavier elements are unstable and will radioactively decay into light elements. So it is a continual process both ways.

Do they decay to some stable middle region or are they decaying right back down to hydrogen? I’m guessing this is about entropy to an extent.

Over a long enough time span, even protons will decay.

Re: The periodic table, colour coded by the likely origin of each element

#30

This chart brings up the question of HOW exactly each element is created... A long time ago, in Alchemy, there was the idea that certain elements could be transformed into other elements by alchemical processes. This idea, back then, was called "Transmutation". Now, scientists of today know transmutation as possible, but only with select heavy elements, and only in atom smashers/cyclotrons/large hadron colliders -- c…

Riddle me this. Why are there 4 fields (strong nuclear, weak nuclear, electromagnetic, gravity). What even is a 'field'. Why does gravity affect the other three? What is time? What is space? What is quantum entanglement? Why is there a universal speed limit? Why do you need an 'equal and opposite reaction' to gain momentum, why can't you just convert angular energy directtly into linear energy in a single direction?…

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