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Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

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Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#101

what was the white ball during the explosion? it looks like some liquid spraying up in the shape of a ball, was it sea water? other liquid? or was it just looking to me like a liquid but actually was gas of something?

A Wilson cloud: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson_cloud

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#102

Earlier quoted context omitted.

My fluid mechanics prof told the class that a scientist in the 1940's published the yield of the Hiroshima bomb. Since this was top secret, he got investigated. But he showed how the yield could be calculated from the film of the explosion - how fast the blast radius expanded. So I imagine the yield of the Beirut explosion could be calculated the same way from the video.

It was G.I. Taylor.

Using the Buckingham Pi theorem.

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#103
post #15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The ship you can see in the bottom left of the Yamato's explosion (link [2]) is a Japanese destroyer. I'm not sure which ship it is specifically, but she is likely 100-130 meters in length (those were the only ones around at the time Yamato sank). And she's closer than the actual cloud.

On that note, I wonder how the ships / watercraft in the area handled it. Overturned/sunk/? :(

In https://www.reuters.com/news/picture/pictures-report-idUSRTX... you can see ships berthed after the explosion, with no visible damage (as seen from a distance, surely there must be lots of minor damage to the superstructures etc.) even though they must have been really close to the explosion.

Since it was a ground level explosion, the quay and other buildings probably largely shielded the hulls of the ships from damage.

Ships in general are quite sturdy things, they are made to withstand heavy seas and winds after all.

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#104

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Some chemist acquaintances of mine suggested the same from just looking at the footage immediately after. Along with some scary explanations of what fast shockwaves like that do to human blood vessels. I was convinced this stuff should be outlawed for most uses pretty fast. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate_disasters Though on the other hand, the number of incidents and deaths aren't that high considerin…

What do you recommend using for fertiliser in its place? (I'm sure someone's thought about this idea before. Timothy McVeigh did his mad bombing with typical rural materiel. Not so fun fact: the VBIED predates the internal combustion engine.)

> What do you recommend using for fertiliser in its place?

Horse manure :)

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#105
post #88

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ammonium nitrate is essential as a fertilizer. There are no cost effective alternatives so we'll have to just accept the risk.

You can decrease such risks by mixing carbonate minerals (calcium-carbonate and magnesium carboante) into the AN fertilizer, as done in EU counties (and probably in the rest of the world as well).

Isn't it also used as a cost effective explosive in some places?

I mean, perhaps thats the reason it was not made inert when it was fabricated in Ukraine. It was on the Lebanese authorities to properly store or dispose of it after they seized the shipping.

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#106
post #88

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ammonium nitrate is essential as a fertilizer. There are no cost effective alternatives so we'll have to just accept the risk.

You can decrease such risks by mixing carbonate minerals (calcium-carbonate and magnesium carboante) into the AN fertilizer, as done in EU counties (and probably in the rest of the world as well).

Not to mention that you don't need to store 2750 tonnes of it in a warehouse in a harbour in a large city like Beirut.

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#107
post #15

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The ship you can see in the bottom left of the Yamato's explosion (link [2]) is a Japanese destroyer. I'm not sure which ship it is specifically, but she is likely 100-130 meters in length (those were the only ones around at the time Yamato sank). And she's closer than the actual cloud.

Another fun note about Yamato's explosion is that it appears to have been responsible for more plane losses than all of the AA fire during the battle. For a battleship with well over 100 AA guns, that's a pretty damning indictment of their quality.

One of my favorite YT naval historians, Drachinifel, constantly derides the Japanese 25mm AA gun, which was based on a French design. One of his longer podcasts (in the Drydock series) has a segment explaining the technical details of why.

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#108

@quantian1 correctly determined that this was an ammonium nitrate blast by analyzing the footage: https://twitter.com/quantian1/status/1290695231910875136 CHEMISTRY FACT: Explosives have characteristic "detonation velocities" at which shockwaves expand. Smartphone video records at 30 FPS, so the adjacent frames here suggest the front expands at ~100 m/(1/30 sec), or 3,000 m/sec. Consistent with ammonium nitrate, not…

Trump is saying that military intelligence indicates that it's a bomb: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tPvH-CqH7Q8 Edit: why am I being downvoted. I am not agreeing with him or saying he is right. Just stating what was said. It seems noteworthy that the president of the US commented on it regardless of accuracy or trustworthiness.

Why is Trump used as a source on HN? I don’t think I’ve ever seen that man say something that was useful or true.

I’m not American, mind you, so I’m certainly biased because he’s mainly in our media when he does something stupid, but everything I have ever heard him say about Europe has been so far from the truth that it’s hard to take his word on anything.

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#109
The amount of material must have been ridiculous to store in such a place. The blast is staggering in size, almost like the Tianjin explosion a few years ago.

Collected videos:

Angle #1 https://streamable.com/xmmoa7

Angle #2 https://streamable.com/nscx9m

Angle #3 https://streamable.com/zbjj5f

Angle #4 https://streamable.com/saoafz

Angle #5 https://streamable.com/4ga1vb

Angle #6 https://streamable.com/lmivb2

Angle #7 https://streamable.com/mcy82f

Angle #8 https://streamable.com/zg9oal

Angle #9 https://streamable.com/zykkj6

Angle #10 https://streamable.com/22e152

Re: Order of magnitude estimate of Beirut explosion at 3 kilotons of TNT

#110

@quantian1 correctly determined that this was an ammonium nitrate blast by analyzing the footage: https://twitter.com/quantian1/status/1290695231910875136 CHEMISTRY FACT: Explosives have characteristic "detonation velocities" at which shockwaves expand. Smartphone video records at 30 FPS, so the adjacent frames here suggest the front expands at ~100 m/(1/30 sec), or 3,000 m/sec. Consistent with ammonium nitrate, not…

Trump is saying that military intelligence indicates that it's a bomb: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tPvH-CqH7Q8 Edit: why am I being downvoted. I am not agreeing with him or saying he is right. Just stating what was said. It seems noteworthy that the president of the US commented on it regardless of accuracy or trustworthiness.

Trump is not a reliable source for anything. He lies/misleads more than he tells the truth whenever he's talking about something verifiable as far as I can tell.
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