"Those assets are, in large part, the church buildings themselves. They are not liquid assets. Indeed, they are even more illiquid than most other real estate, because the market for church buildings, all of which are constructed to meet the needs and functions of a particular faith, is quite limited."
I don't think that's true. Years ago in Boston MA during one of the big legal where church leaders were accused of child molestation/rape/sex abuse, the church was ordered to pay $85 million dollars to the victims, some 260 people I think.
They took short term loans to pay that, then sold 15 buildings that netted them over 100 million dollars. One of the biggest properties was the archbishop's residence.
They didn't tap into the normal petitioners funds and similar, just took out some loans, took some insuance payouts to cover the 85 mil, then less then a year later sold those 15 buildings for over 100 mil.
The building packages were thought to be worth at minimum $1 mil per acre.
This was between 03 and 04.
In 2020, they were able to move around $2 billion to shield those assets from being taken into account during more recent sex abuse payouts.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-01-08/the-catho...
They sure as shit can liquidate, or move very large amounts of assets around to protect their own organization.
https://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/10/us/church-in-boston-to-pa...
They're not a small business in any sense of the word, and they took money they don't need, seeing as it can take them less than a year to sell $100 mil+ worth of assets to cover payments to 260 sex abuse victims 15+ years ago, or move around 2 billion worth of assets in a ploy to try and reduce what they'll have to pay to victims of these leaders.