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Open source 5G core network

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Re: Open source 5G core network

#21
post #3

For those interested, this project seems to be a rewrite of https://nextepc.org/ into Go. Alternative projects include https://github.com/facebookincubator/magma and https://github.com/openairinterface . You can start your own telenetwork with these projects (but of course doing such would be highly illegal without a spectrum license), but first, you need a gNB or eNodeB which is lingo for a base station. It is possi…

> I think it's quite likely that sooner or later we will have 5G networks with intra-services running as edge-services, providing us low-latency. Noob question, sorry, but: Why not Wifi?

Because 5G, or even 4G LTE is still technically superior to even latest WiFi 802.11ax.

Re: Open source 5G core network

#22
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'm not an expert, but there are variants of LTE and 5G (LTE-U and 5G NR-U) that support operating in the unlicensed 5Ghz band. That said, I'm not sure a commercial handset would connect to anything in that range. You could probably get an SDR-based UE (UE is telecom-speak for "thing that connects to a cell network") to work.

SDR-based UEs work for 4G right now (see srsLTE with the srsUE), but I'm not aware of an open source one that supports 5G standards yet. There are unlicensed variants of LTE/5G, but worth noting that these often are designed to use the unlicensed spectrum as supplemental downlink (i.e. License Assisted Access (LAA) in LTE), rather than actually allowing for uplink and downlink in the unlicensed spectrum. The reason f…

>but is quite rare for the obvious political reasons outlined above.

Sorry I cant find the part that mention political reasons in OP. I thought Multefire never took off was simply licensing issues.

Re: Open source 5G core network

#23
post #21

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> I think it's quite likely that sooner or later we will have 5G networks with intra-services running as edge-services, providing us low-latency. Noob question, sorry, but: Why not Wifi?

Because 5G, or even 4G LTE is still technically superior to even latest WiFi 802.11ax.

Only slightly. Most of the difference is telcos paying the $$$ to get their antennas up high with line of sight.

Re: Open source 5G core network

#24
post #22
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

SDR-based UEs work for 4G right now (see srsLTE with the srsUE), but I'm not aware of an open source one that supports 5G standards yet. There are unlicensed variants of LTE/5G, but worth noting that these often are designed to use the unlicensed spectrum as supplemental downlink (i.e. License Assisted Access (LAA) in LTE), rather than actually allowing for uplink and downlink in the unlicensed spectrum. The reason f…

>but is quite rare for the obvious political reasons outlined above. Sorry I cant find the part that mention political reasons in OP. I thought Multefire never took off was simply licensing issues.

Oops sorry. Was referring to the above about mobile operator politics, and lobbying power. Mobile operators like to think of themselves as the only ones owning and operating services on IMT spectrum.

The idea of being able to deliver a full mobile service to mobile phones is "sellable" - operators like to think of themselves as being the only ones able to provide the service people expect to a mobile handset. Then they can bundle handsets with service provision.

If you are interested in this topic, it's worth looking at the fraught relationship between mobile operators and WiFi. Operators historically rejected WiFi from handsets early on - WiFi was a rival to their high-price, high-margin mobile data services. Until perhaps the mid-3G days, when the idea of using WiFi for offload, due to the limited spectrum for mobile data started to become a tempting idea for operators.

Even that's controversial - the "enterprise" market around WiFi wasn't hugely keen on that either, since they felt the mobile operators were just trying to snap up and freeload on the license-exempt spectrum for extra capacity, and use up (finite) WiFi spectrum capacity while providing an operator-badged service.

In my view, Multefire hasn't taken off due to the general high complexity of the tech stack people would need to understand to use it (fine for me with a telecoms engineering background, less fine if you are from the pure IT world and just want something quick - it's a lot more effort and complexity than setting up a couple of WiFi APs), and the lack of pressure from mobile operators to support it. Handset support for features comes from operator demand/desire. Multefire isn't something handset makers will add, unless operators demand it. Absent that, it risks alienating or upsetting them, by opening up the handsets to competition, and since operators are the main route to market for your handsets, market dictates the rules...

Re: Open source 5G core network

#25

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I'm not an expert, but there are variants of LTE and 5G (LTE-U and 5G NR-U) that support operating in the unlicensed 5Ghz band. That said, I'm not sure a commercial handset would connect to anything in that range. You could probably get an SDR-based UE (UE is telecom-speak for "thing that connects to a cell network") to work.

https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https... Apparently, there are overlaps between common LTE bands and both ham radio bands and unlicensed (... low-power) ones... the above page states that any device with the right bands will work (... and they even got them working presumably?)

Newer iPhones support band 42 TDD, which is 3400 to 3600 MHz. The amateur radio 9 cm band in the US is 3300 to 3500 MHz, so you could have a setup contained in single ham band. However, the open source eNodeB products typically don't support TDD.

Re: Open source 5G core network

#27
post #18

Somewhat related recent curiosity: Is there anything new about 5G tower/backhaul infrastructure for edge computing that wasn't already feasible for 4G?

Nothing hugely different to "late stage 4G" (Release 14). The main difference with 5G (that was available in Rel14 but not widely used by anyone) is control and user plane separation, which means some network traffic can leave the user plane at the base station, and go elsewhere, rather than be routed all the way back to the core network. That enables edge computing by allowing traffic for the edge computing node to…

exactly, control-userplane separation is the primary differentiator for "5g." the whole point is to eliminate backhaul and allow closer CDNs and caches..

Re: Open source 5G core network

#28
post #25

Earlier quoted context omitted.

https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https... Apparently, there are overlaps between common LTE bands and both ham radio bands and unlicensed (... low-power) ones... the above page states that any device with the right bands will work (... and they even got them working presumably?)

Newer iPhones support band 42 TDD, which is 3400 to 3600 MHz. The amateur radio 9 cm band in the US is 3300 to 3500 MHz, so you could have a setup contained in single ham band. However, the open source eNodeB products typically don't support TDD.

This is the CBRS band, and the idea behind CBRS is that people should be able to gain access to it on an ad-hoc basis by making a request for it, when it isn't being used for marine radar on the US coast.

I believe OpenAirInterface can handle TDD, although it was firmly "research grade" code last time I looked at it.

The positive from CBRS is that it should (or at least is intended to) spawn a new generation of lower cost small cell base stations, using this band, and speaking the CBRS "protocol" for spectrum access coordination. And that has potential to help reduce prices of radio equipment.

Handset compatibility is coming on this band quicker because some existing mobile operators have purchased PALs (priority access licenses) for CBRS spectrum, and intend to use this for some extra capacity.

P.S. just as a very minor technical correction, CBRS is defined for band 48, rather than 42, although with some overlap. B48 is 3550 to 3700 MHz, while B42 is 3.4 to 3.6 GHz as you said. Therefore when looking for devices, it's best to look for B48 (although at a push, if you're doing your own R&D, B42 will be fine for use in the lower 50 MHz section of the band).

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