What I really don't get is how companies get away with shipping any model that has 4GB of RAM. I mean,come on, it's 2020. The OS running idle probably needs more than that,not even mentioning opening a few tabs in Chrome.
They're trying to hit a headline price (albeit for a model that no-one should ever buy). This is fairly common, though it's a particularly egregious example; even Apple puts 8GB in their headline-price-don't-buy machines these days.
Anecdotally at both my current and previous employer - the "default" Apple notebook handed out was a 13" 2 port non-touchbar machine, which was for several years the least expensive MacBook Pro available.