this doesnt pass the correlation vs causation smell test for me. i suspect VID correlates well with COVID comorbidities, like a sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, and weight problems. the opposite is also probably true, that people with good vit D levels correlate with healthier lifestyles and fewer comorbidities.
Similar story with ibuprofen and COVID-19 [1]. Researchers found a link between the two. But older people are also more likely to take ibuprofen.
[0] https://health.clevelandclinic.org/some-sunlight-may-benefit... [1] https://www.wired.com/story/the-ibuprofen-debate-reveals-the...