Not to sound like a broken record (I and others have said this or similar on these kinds of threads) but... I, personally, have become convinced that looking for signals this way is actually pointless. The argument is basically this: 1. Within 1000 years (and maybe a lot less) we will have the engineering capability to build space habitats, powered by solar power. This last part is important because this thought expe…
> Even if it was, no known or currently theorized material could support this. Which physical limits are most relevant to precluding the solid sphere? Tidal forces?
What do you have? The same mass of Earth will have a million times the living area.
What's the problem? At 1 AU distance, this thing would have to spin so fast (IIRC ~1.5 million km/h) that the centrifugal forces would tear it apart. Not even graphene could withstand the forces. So the idea just isn't practical.
So if you create a hard shell, you have to ask: what is the intended goal?
If there is to create living area, where is gravity coming from? Do you spin the sphere? If so, it has the same centrifugal force problem.
If it's not (and technically even if it is) then you have the problem that the shell will collapse under the gravity of the star and/or its own mass.