Earlier quoted context omitted.
I think the windows clipboard can hold that as metadata. OneNote had a setting that I could enable so that when I pasted from Edge into OneNote the url was appended, but the url wouldn't show up if I pasted into another rich text editor like Word (or OneNote without the setting enabled). Using org mode now, and there's probably a way to do it with emacs lisp, but... I'll never get around to it.
The Windows clipboard has a model where the clipboard contains an abstract 'data object' which exposes a list of supported formats, then you request formats individually. So a given piece of data could expose (not literally this, but the equivalent) text/plain, text/html, image/png, $my_custom_format and then when an application requests a given format it's generated on demand. This mostly gets used for scenarios whe…
If I had to guess I'd assume either X11 invented it, or a research lab prototype had it and X11 copied that then was copied by every modern OS