Wow that sounds a lot more complicated than the one I had, HP 42S, because you had to use codes for the instructions instead of just pulling up the instructions in readable ASCII. I found this random example of entering a program on a 42S: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQMOOxup8bI Coincidentally, it even uses the FP (fractional part) and X=0? test that the OP mentioned. I wanted to see what programming the 15C look…
Yeah... the 42S derives from the earlier 41 series, and the 41 series was the first to use alphanumeric symbolic names for programming commands. Prior to that, there was always a very direct correlation between the button you pressed on the keyboard and the way the command was encoded in memory. (Which made sense given how resource limited the earlier calculators were.)
HP took this evolution one a step further with the HP28C, which was released a few years past the 41's. The 28C introduced a garbage collected heap and a tagged type representation for objects that gave you something essentially like a small RPN Lisp running on a handheld.