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Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

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Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#41
post #34

Earlier quoted context omitted.

"How" is that they only inlude the private key for that specific router, and then that key/cert itself is certified by the real CA cert, the key for which is not kept on the router itself?

Delegated Credentials for TLS I guess ? but this requires internet access so barely a solution. https://engineering.fb.com/security/delegated-credentials/ I don't think that the fact that private keys for routerlogin.net are bundled with the router are an issue. It's very logical to do so, and BETTER than plain HTTP in most real-life scenarios. routerlogin.net is a local server (when you are using the router) and not…

[deleted]

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#42

The HTTPS cert is used for the router's login page - apparently putting an IP address on the box backside label confuses too many people. It makes sense to put it behind HTTPS because the browser will whine "this page is insecure"... but how is a router vendor supposed to include the neccessary certificate that won't get leaked? The only thing I can imagine here is a dedicated HSM chip... but that's overkill for a 10…

It’s impossible, they need to try something else. They could get dedicated domain names for each router, for instance.

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#43
post #2

6 days is nowhere near a justifiable timeframe for full disclosure. Even if you disagree with that, you should have first reported Key Compromises to Entrust and Comodo before publicly posting the private keys. They are bound by BRs and their own CPS to revoke certificates such as this one - and they would have done so promptly. This is not what you should do as a security researcher - delete the gist until the CAs h…

Boo hoo. Netgear should have known better than to expose their keys like this in the first place, this is really amateur hour stuff. They were reached out to and didn’t respond. It’s their own fault and they have to make do with what they’ve been granted. Now they get to pick up the pieces.

Yep. Defending bad security products only leads to people buying more. Netgear has not and will not learn any lesson, and will continue to serve bad devices. This time the good to users comes from publicizing that.

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#45

The HTTPS cert is used for the router's login page - apparently putting an IP address on the box backside label confuses too many people. It makes sense to put it behind HTTPS because the browser will whine "this page is insecure"... but how is a router vendor supposed to include the neccessary certificate that won't get leaked? The only thing I can imagine here is a dedicated HSM chip... but that's overkill for a 10…

No, you can do something like CloudFlare does for TLS for their enterprise customers, where the TLS session is signed by a key held by Netgear.

https://www.cloudflare.com/ssl/keyless-ssl

The fallback would have to be self-signed TLS with random keys for initial local router configuration, which is hopefully done over an Ethernet connection rather than WiFi.

You don't need a secure enclave or HSM to solve this problem. It just requires caring about security and provisioning enough time to engineer and test the obvious solution. From what I can tell, that doesn't line up with Netgear's MO.

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#46
Some commenters are decrying that this post fails to meet the bar for "responsible disclosure".

Please stop using that phrase. "Responsible disclosure". It's wrong and harmful, and the person who coined it agrees with me: https://adamcaudill.com/2015/11/19/responsible-disclosure-is...

You want "coordinated disclosure" instead.

Netgear doesn't do coordinated disclosure. They do non-disclosure. In the absence of a coordinated effort, full disclosure is the responsible thing to do.

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#47
post #2

6 days is nowhere near a justifiable timeframe for full disclosure. Even if you disagree with that, you should have first reported Key Compromises to Entrust and Comodo before publicly posting the private keys. They are bound by BRs and their own CPS to revoke certificates such as this one - and they would have done so promptly. This is not what you should do as a security researcher - delete the gist until the CAs h…

Full disclosure is always perfectly justifiable, unless you’re stealing someone else’s work.

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#48

Some commenters are decrying that this post fails to meet the bar for "responsible disclosure". Please stop using that phrase. "Responsible disclosure". It's wrong and harmful , and the person who coined it agrees with me: https://adamcaudill.com/2015/11/19/responsible-disclosure-is... You want "coordinated disclosure" instead. Netgear doesn't do coordinated disclosure. They do non-disclosure. In the absence of a coo…

It should be noted that it’s essentially never the people who find bugs arguing for “responsible disclosure”.

It sure is easy to tell others what to do with their work product when you have zero stake in the game.

There exists a really easy solution to the purported problem of full disclosure, vendors could just offer significant enough financial compensation for non-disclosure.

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#49

The HTTPS cert is used for the router's login page - apparently putting an IP address on the box backside label confuses too many people. It makes sense to put it behind HTTPS because the browser will whine "this page is insecure"... but how is a router vendor supposed to include the neccessary certificate that won't get leaked? The only thing I can imagine here is a dedicated HSM chip... but that's overkill for a 10…

1. Just let it be HTTP. Stupid browsers are stupid, but at least they don't prevent this page from working yet. 2. Router coordinates with company server to get its own hostname like n-123123123.netgear.com (which points to 192.168.1.1 or whatever), generates private key and company server issues certificate for that key. HTTP requests to 192.168.1.1 return HTTP 302 to this address. It requires Netgear to operate CA…

The issue is you're going to have the ignorant customers calling Netgear to complain their brand new router is not secure if their browser highlights it for situation #1. Same for an untrusted certificate.

The risk with #2 is then an attacker could potentially probe the firmware to figure out that process, and phish from that domain? The other is we need to trust Netgear to run HA infrastructure to support that. (lol)

Re: Netgear Signed TLS Cert Private Key Disclosure

#50
post #26

Tuesday, January 14th 2020 - Initial Discovery Tuesday, January 14 2020 - Tweet sent attempting to establish communications with Netgear Wednesday, January 15 2020 - Reached out to Bugcrowd to attempt to establish communications. Thursday, January 16 - Bugcrowd responds, but we are unable to establish a communications channel outside of the Netgear bug bounty programs. Friday, Jaunary 17th - Conversation with bugcrow…

Bugcrowd run bug bounty programs like https://bugcrowd.com/netgear on behalf of companies They explained earlier that if they entered the bug bounty program with Netgear, they would be agreeing to not disclose: "By submitting the security bug, you affirm that you have not disclosed and agree that you will not disclose the security bug to anyone other than NETGEAR." So it seems they were trying to get Bugcrowd as a in…

Thanks for the explanation!
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