This problem doesn't appear to exist at that scale (there exist some spammy call centers of course, and apps to block them...) in Europe. Not sure if that is legislation, technology or culture/economy related, and whether it's an active solution or it just passively works out. But what stops the US from doing whatever it Europe is doing to not have tons of robocalls? For one, making calls costs money. How can robocal…
It gets a lot cheaper at scale.
> And then this spoofing: isn't the solution against that technological rather than legislation?
"Spoofing" is just a name for using caller ID you shouldn't. There's no tech solution for it... unless we create a global federated registry that can be queried online, a new phone network which cares about it, and migrate every phone in the world to it. POTS will be alive longer than us.