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Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

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Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#71
post #4

Is there a source for this other than an angry Twitter user?

I came across this news article: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/09/04/aws_power_outage_da... The headline sounded so clickbaity that I ignored it before seeing this thread

The Register often uses snarky or tongue-in-cheek headlines, I like it tbh

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#72
post #40

I think the real complaint is: >>Then it took them four days to figure this out and tell us about it.

I must have missed something entirely, did this all happen before the weekend? Where is the 4 days coming from? Amazon's RSS feed hit our Slack on Saturday morning with an explanation that the power had gone out and the backup generators failed.

Is there some post mortem that just came out?

>>We want to give you more information on progress at this point, and what we know about the event. At 4:33 AM PDT one of 10 datacenters in one of the 6 Availability Zones in the US-EAST-1 Region saw a failure of utility power. Backup generators came online immediately, but for reasons we are still investigating, began quickly failing at around 6:00 AM PDT. This resulted in 7.5% of all instances in that Availability Zone failing by 6:10 AM PDT. Over the last few hours we have recovered most...

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#73
post #50

Scary that AWS can’t restore EBS volumes properly after a power failure. Snapshot are not a solution to this in a live system.

If you lose power mid-write to an HDD, of course you can lose data. This guy sounds like if he'd self hosted he'd be complaining about an HDD failure. It happens- you need to design around it. Luckily, EBS volumes, snapshots and AZs make all of this pretty straight forward.

Data, sure. Lose the volume, no.

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#74

This seems to be getting slightly overblown in that thread. To be clear, this impacted one datacenter out of ten that make up one availability zone out of six in AWS’s us-east-1 region. So we are talking 2-3% at most of that region’s capacity was impacted. I haven’t seen a report yet on exactly why their generator failed, but from what I’ve heard, the power failed, and the backup generator kicked in and ran fine for…

When people talk about data backups, they always say you should rehearse restoring your backups just so you're confident that the backups are complete. If you don't do that, you lose your data and your recovery fails because you never tested it.

Likewise, I guess it's easy to speculate from the peanut gallery, but I wouldn't be surprised if the backup generators just hadn't been sufficiently tested and maintained because, well, they're backup generators.

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#75
post #48

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Exactly. The benefits of the cloud allow you almost unlimited computing resources spread across enormous swaths of geography, power, and internet access. Therefore, if you were impacted, its your fault, not AWS. Sorry.

* If it's within your SLA

I don’t understand this statement. If your application is developed with fault tolerance, this is independent of any SLA.

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#76

Earlier quoted context omitted.

agree. like you imply, too many people rely heavily on their providers for business critical things like backups and redundancy. while generally big providers to a good job at this (and aws certainly does a good job at this), it does not mean there is a guarantee of any kind failures won't ever occur. thus the need to heavily invest in failure resistant technologies upon this borrowed infrastructure is arguably more…

But the reason I pay AWS is so that I don't have to hire a team to take care of backups and redundancy on my side. If they can't be relied on, a lot of the justification for their cost markup goes out the window.

AWS gives you access to redundant resources inexpensively. If you have your application in a single AZ, you’ve elected to bypass the redundancy.

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#77

This conclusion "The cloud is just a .. blah blah blah" is weak: Amazon offers isolated availability zones within each region to mitigate this risk at the system level, it gives you the ability to take EBS snapshots that you can backup on S3 (with 11 9s of durability), and scaling features you just will not find on "just another computer." And you are meant to architect to this with multi-AZ designs. It's managed inf…

the conclusion is weak but true. people do tend to forget the cloud is also a bunch of computers, and they might fail. however, it's not an argument to avoid cloud entirely, and in that sense its weak as an argument against cloud.

Agreed. If the cloud is somebody else's computer, I'm glad to let it be a computer that belongs to an extremely specialized and demanding company that focuses on providing that computer to me as a service.

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#78

This seems to be getting slightly overblown in that thread. To be clear, this impacted one datacenter out of ten that make up one availability zone out of six in AWS’s us-east-1 region. So we are talking 2-3% at most of that region’s capacity was impacted. I haven’t seen a report yet on exactly why their generator failed, but from what I’ve heard, the power failed, and the backup generator kicked in and ran fine for…

More info: Sounds like the backup generators operated fine, but only have about an hour of fuel in their individual storage tanks. There's an automated fuel delivery system to keep them topped up which is the piece that failed, meaning the individual generators didn't get their tanks refilled and eventually ran out of fuel. This was compounded by the operations staff being busy with trying to restore the main power feed and somehow (not explained) didn't get a timely notification that the fuel delivery system itself had failed.

AWS says they plan to install a backup fuel delivery system at this particular datacenter (it wasn't detailed whether this SPOF is common at other datacenters or if this was an outlier) and that they have already updated their notifications to be more aggressive.

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#79

Is there a reason it often seems like backup generators fail? Is it that we don't hear the success stories of all the times they don't fail? Just due to not being tested often?

We generally only hear about the failures, but it's also a tricky thing to test. Simple setups won't put load on the generator during the periodic tests, which can result in outages if the generator will start, but can't run the load for whatever reason (ex: mechanical problems, or load size grew beyond capacity). More complicated setups may be able to switch the load to the generator, but not switch back to utility fast enough in case the generator under test fails during the test. The transfer switches themselves are prone to failures and hard to make redundant.

It seems that it's pretty hard to get this right from the beginning too, every large datacenter ends up learning this again after they have a sequence of power incidents. That said, successful switch to generator for 1 hour and then generator failure is not a terrible outcome; if there was a notification, that's enough time to evacuate critical systems (assuming you have a plan).

Re: Amazon AWS had a power failure, their backup generators failed

#80

We had a similar problem at our hosting facility last winter during that "Ice Vortex" storm that was all over the news. The facilities guys had been very proud of never having a power outage, I've had servers with them for 15 years now. The morning of the worst of the storm, we completely lose access to all services at that facility. Super unusual, everything we have there is redundant. So I do some minor investigati…

I had a similar situation in the early 2000's at NTT/Verio in Sterling, VA. They lost power because someone dug through a utility line and introduced a ground a fault into their system. They switched to generators and then against protocol (basically human error) tried to force override a transfer switch onto their other utility which ended up killing the generators. Eventually the UPSs were all drained, but we had to shutdown servers long ahead of that because with no AC, they were overheating. People were taking servers out by pickup truck to stand them up at their other offices and data centers. 48 hours of pain.
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