CORS is really pretty simple, it's getting the threat model that is tricky. Some docs on Allow-Origin here:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Ac... and a more complete walkthrough here:
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/CORSDynamic allow-origin sounds magical, but is really straightforward. You just look at the `Origin` header of a request (e.g., in express `req.headers['Origin']`), compare it against your database of whitelisted origins, and if it's in there, return it as the value of `Access-Control-Allow-Header`.
If you don't have any relationship with the folks using your frontend, I'd just "turn it off", that is, use "Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *". It's a security issue only insofar as you don't trust the third party that owns the web frontend to handle their users' data securely, either by introducing their own security vulnerabilities, or by hijacking users' sessions themselves. The big question I think is whether the third party's users are your users too, in which case you're responsible to vet the third party to protect your users. If you're just a backend for whatever-the-heck, just make sure you have a good terms of service for the api so you're not assuming responsibility for other people's mistakes/malice.