Concurrency might be a dangerous thing but in microcontroller land, where I do my C programming, interrupts are a fact of life and just polling really isn't a practical solution.
Is that how Rust concurrency works under the hood? Polling?
(In some cases, you may need to defer validation to runtime by using wrapper types such as RefCell or Mutex, in which case the usual cost of mutexes and the likes appear.)
However, what was referred to is using interrupts vs. polling on embedded hardware. This is very different from regular software development.