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CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

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91–100 of 122 posts

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#91

It's horrible that people are dying because of malaria. I'm a bit divided on this approach though, I don't know enough about the topic at hand to suggest a different approach, but let me try. Would it be feasible to suggest using CRISP to create another adaptation to the gene, one that preserves the mosquitoes but makes them unable to transfer the disease to humans? Eliminating a species because we don't like it remi…

People are also dying of war and hunger and lack of clean water and medicine. I would even argue that those are the bigger problems and the deaths of malaria are more symptoms of the former problems. Usually, it ain't the rich people who die of malaria. So I would focus in those problems instead of trying to inject suicide genes into the wild. I like the saying: the opposite of well done, is well intented.

>People are also dying of war and hunger and lack of clean water and medicine.

No one can fix this with a snap of their fingers. You have to reform (replace?) governments, change cultural standards around sanitation, build tons of infrastructure. No matter how much aid is sent, it will take a long time even in the best case. These problems won't be fixed for good in the near future.

Perhaps malaria can be made a thing of the past before then. If so, don't let hundreds of thousands die because we "should" be fixing poverty instead.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#92
post #90

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I like to paste this awesome response from reddit whenever someone doubts these approaches (since I couldn’t put it better myself) > Malaria is only carried by a tiny number of mosquito species. Of the thousands of species only something like a dozen actually matter to humans. We can target exactly the ones we want and even better : nothing stops us from maintaining a population in some labs somewhere. If it turns ou…

What exactly do you mean by " Of the thousands of species only something like a dozen actually matter to humans. " How sure are you? Keep in mind that, in this case, extinction is a side effect of another antimalarial effort.

Well we know only certain species carry malaria. Is that what you’re questioning?

Also Seems like you skipped over this part:

> nothing stops us from maintaining a population in some labs somewhere. If it turns out they matter in any significant way, contrary to various impact analysis... we just release them back into the environment.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#93
post #49
post #28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> But we know nothing comes for free, no good human deed goes unpunished. We know nothing of the sort. Perhaps this is something you know.

Pretty much all projects of large-scale human ecological interventions ended up with some unexpected side-effect. It's extremely hard to take into account all the variables and often you fix one issue, but create 10 new ones. Just think of using myxomatosis to control rabbit population, or introduction of cane toads in Australia in attempt to control sugarcane pests.

Okay, I'll bite: Vaccination (and near or total eradication) of Polio.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#94
post #56

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Smallpox was a species, too. If we allow viruses to be species.

Fair - and you are probably right. But I'd rather not get into semantics. You know what I meant.

If everyone knew what you meant we wouldn't be having the discussion that we are definitely having.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#95
post #78

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> last few genes that make them black, or let them get sicklaemia Popular understanding of race (it's a social construct, so this is the relevant metric) has little or nothing to do with susceptibility to a given disease. Similarly, dark skin != what we commonly think of as "black" (think dark-skinned people from Asia, for example).

Dark skinned people from Asia are from a different race than dark skinned people from Africa. For example if you have a dark skinned person with epicanthic fold, chances are that's a person from Indonesia or its whereabouts. Race is not ONE trait, it's a set of traits, and all of them are encoded in DNA.

> dark skinned person with epicanthic fold, chances are that's a person from Indonesia or its whereabouts.

Or South Africa, or east Africa, etc. Or since we're talking about people and not geographic features, we could be talking about a person in the e.g. Americas who is the product of many "origin" regions of the world.

> Race is not ONE trait, it's a set of traits, and all of them are encoded in DNA.

The problem is the "set of traits" is squishy and often defined in the moment. This, plus the importance we assign to race in all affairs, has led many societies to try to codify what is meant by race. Racial distinctions are different in the context of different communities (e.g. in the US it's very important to know who is "black" vs who is not).

For example, in the US we long practiced the One-drop rule [1], which lead to absurd racial classifications [2] that required you to know a person's entire ancestry back 3 or 4 generations in order to identify her race (obviously, this is recursive).

The trouble is we start from a position of knowing how we want to classify a person, by seeing them or knowing where they come from ("I know she's black, so my classification scheme needs to ensure she's black."). We then need to apply tools (one-drop rule, etc.) to make sure that person fits the classification.

Gene clusters are a clumsy way to accomplish the same thing using modern tools. Obviously some populations share some traits. But saying "race" is something that can be objectively identified for every given individual is naive.

Back to your original point -- there's no such thing as the "last few genes" that make a person black. That's approximately like saying the last few quanta of pigment in a person's skin change their race. Or that a person's race can be determined by calipers [3]. It's ridiculous.

1 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-drop_rule

2 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadroon

3 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrenology

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#96
post #40
post #31

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I've seen very few countries of note (aside from the US) that use "race" as any kind of indicator. This has a very good reason: It's not a clear biological separation and it also otherwise has little bearing on reality. It's an old, obsolete carry-over that was kept from the days when racism was still an accepted practice and it needs to die the death that it deserves as soon as possible.

For the purposes of CRISPR, races exists when defined as "people carrying a certain genetic marker". There are various genes that are highly correlated to racial/ethnic groups (like Tay-Sachs disease),and mass murderers generally don't worry about collateral damage.

Any response I can make to this will just read like me saying "no" when you say "yes". In this case, I think it might suffice to say that the burden of proof lies with you: The person making a large claim that is not (as far as I understand it, which admittedly could be better) something that everyone knows to be true beyond a shred of doubt.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#97
post #93
post #49

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Pretty much all projects of large-scale human ecological interventions ended up with some unexpected side-effect. It's extremely hard to take into account all the variables and often you fix one issue, but create 10 new ones. Just think of using myxomatosis to control rabbit population, or introduction of cane toads in Australia in attempt to control sugarcane pests.

Okay, I'll bite: Vaccination (and near or total eradication) of Polio.

I'll say this - a less than 100 year timeline is probably not long enough to evaluate this.

That said, I think it's possible, but I'm very skeptical that eliminating a species will be free of indirect effects.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#98
post #32

ITT: people who live in countries that aren’t ravaged by malaria share their vague feelings of doubt about whether or not getting rid of mosquitos is a good idea

In a world where total insect population collapse is a very real possibility, there exist people who think calling out people who want to not exterminate a cornerstone insect species is a good idea. Before anybody says "well actually there was a study that said nothing bad would happen", the horribly flawed studies about wiping out mosquitoes being harmless acts under the assumption that animals that feed off mosquit…

If you're referring to this[1] article that I love to hate, it is not a study, it is a news item by some Nature journalist who whimsically interviews some folks.

https://www.nature.com/news/2010/100721/full/466432a.html

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#99
post #31

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I've seen very few countries of note (aside from the US) that use "race" as any kind of indicator. This has a very good reason: It's not a clear biological separation and it also otherwise has little bearing on reality. It's an old, obsolete carry-over that was kept from the days when racism was still an accepted practice and it needs to die the death that it deserves as soon as possible.

I'm really struggling to understand your first sentence. Are you saying people generally aren't racist outside the US? Because my experience has been very, very different (and that's as a white male)

I think he references the fact that in the US you get official forms from the gov that asks (as far as I remember):

Race:

- white

- black

- hispanic

- other

Like when you get your driver license or open a bank account. Coming from Europe I was surprised by such a question. Racial issues run very deep in the US.

Re: CRISPR machines that can wipe out entire species

#100
post #46

"Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee;". But in our new worlds we'll just CRISPR them away. No more roses with thorns (they cause thumb injuries), sweet smelling stink bugs, glow in the dark pets. Can't imagine what could go wrong. Someone needs to be writing the movie plot right now.

A little dated, but here : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oryx_and_Crake
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