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A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

blog.ycombinator.com

91–100 of 172 posts

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#91
post #86

I love this line: Company: [_______], A Delaware Corporation. Because no one is gonna incorp anywhere else. Despite 90% of SV companies starting in California.

It doesn't matter where the company raising an A started, it is usually incorporated in Delaware. If the company incorporated elsewhere, it will almost always reincorporate in Delaware prior to raising an institutional round.

This isn't true for certain international jurisdictions, but within the US, it is a near certainty.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#92

Now switch the preferred shares to common shares and eliminate all liquidation preferences and you'd have something closer to a fair term sheet template. No young start-up should ever agree to preferred shares or any liquidity preferences. This is the next great battle for founders to win over venture investors. To push that risk back onto the investors where it should be instead of allowing the investors to unduly o…

Bad preferences happen when Founders are overoptimistic or focused on optics (like a postmoney of $1.00B). Even the standard 1x/nonparticipating reflects a mismatch in optimism. Few founders would accept the valuations that would come with an all-common investment, so it's rarely discussed. Yes employees suffer along with the founders when bad preferences are chosen. But that's still the founders fault, not the inves…

You're arguing against something I didn't make a point of. I never said it was the investor's fault that the founder signs a bad term sheet. Investors will generally pursue the best terms they can get, founders should do the same.

My obvious point is that founders and employees should conspire whenever possible - acting in their shared interest - to eliminate investor-favorable liquidity preferences as a common part of start-up term sheets.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#93
post #88

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Are you starting a (venture-scale) company? Learning this language is critical. Are you working for a startup? Becoming more familiar with this language is helpful - you can figure out whether the founders/executives know what they're doing or not. Are you working for a large company? Learning this language will not provide much benefit for you IMO.

If the answer to either of the first two questions is yes, where would I go to learn the jargon? (I do know about google, I'm just hoping there's a good resource that has everything so I don't need to search individual terms).

Venture Deals by Jason Mendelson and Brad Feld is a good overview. If you want to get more technical, the NVCA publishes a list of their own "standard" documents, which go into depth on some of the standard and non-standard provisions and what they mean, but it's not quite as user friendly.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#94
post #68

Earlier quoted context omitted.

How does a VC deal without at least a 1x liquidation preference work? The founders have taken $X from investors and control the board. What prevents them from selling the company and pocketing their share of $X? In what way is a 1X liquidation preference unfair?

The broader point is that investors should eat the same dog food as the founders and early employees, including when it comes to common shares and no liquidity preferences. The fairness point you asked about includes removing preferred shares, you're splitting it as though I was only talking narrowly about an issue of a 1x preference. I fundamentally disagree with start-up investors receiving preferred shares as a no…

I can't tell what you're saying here. You say I'm focusing too narrowly on the 1x preference, but then go on to say you disagree with preferences at all. I asked: how does a VC deal with no contractual investor protection work? You could be giving up $X in exchange for contractual rights to only $X/5 in a sale that occurred the next day. That's not a moral problem, it's a math problem, right?

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#95

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Ok... So how would you enforce it? It does not seem to form a contract. I realise that this is mostly US law and that my limited knowledge relates to British law. So with that in mind, my understanding is that a simple promise is basically not legally enforceable.

It can be enforced with a lawsuit like this, when an investor doesn't care as much about their reputation with founders: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-25/crypto-bi...

I'm sorry but that does not answer my question at all.

It's quite obvious that a legal dispute may be settled in court. We do not know the details of the case you quoted so it's difficult to comment.

I'm asking specifically about the template that is posted here because it looks like a simple promise and, as mentioned, these have no value in many jurisdictions. I suppose I'm asking how it works in Delaware, basically.

I suspect that the first reply I got is actually it...

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#96
post #68

Now switch the preferred shares to common shares and eliminate all liquidation preferences and you'd have something closer to a fair term sheet template. No young start-up should ever agree to preferred shares or any liquidity preferences. This is the next great battle for founders to win over venture investors. To push that risk back onto the investors where it should be instead of allowing the investors to unduly o…

How does a VC deal without at least a 1x liquidation preference work? The founders have taken $X from investors and control the board. What prevents them from selling the company and pocketing their share of $X? In what way is a 1X liquidation preference unfair?

Well, selling the company for the post-money valuation will give the investors their $X back. The thing that the liquidation preference works is preventing certain types of control fraud.

For example, if the founders take $1M in funding on a $2M post-money valuation, then end up losing $1M to excessive payroll costs to insiders and sell the remnants of the company for the pre-money valuation, the investors are out half their money without a liquidation preference. In short, the liquidation preference means that any losses come out of founder equity first, rather than the new cash infused in the business. This is important because the founders control the company and can choose to take courses of action that impoverish the company at their personal benefit.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#97
post #12

Earlier quoted context omitted.

My reading is that this includes a pre-money option pool (aka the "option pool shuffle": http://venturehacks.com/articles/option-pool-shuffle ), which while standard feels dirty. Any thoughts on this?

We send people that link all the time to help them understand option pools. The main point of that post is to make it clear to founders that when an investor is saying they'll invest $X to get 20%, the dilution is more than 20% because of the impact of the pool. I think if the pool is not part of the premoney, investors just adjust the valuation to compensate. Just focus on the final output. Take the term sheet and w…

The last 2 rounds I was involved in moved the option pool into the post-money. In one case, the initial price was initally discussed and negotiated with the expectation of a post-money option pool. In the other, there was a term sheet with a post-money option pool so we asked the other term sheets to be rewritten using a post-money option pool (they changed their prices accordingly).

I'll note that in every case where someone has asked for X pre-money, they have asked for less than X in the post-money. That's why I consider that term to be dirty - it's purely a means of obscuring the real valuation, and has nothing to do with employee ownership.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#98
post #68

Earlier quoted context omitted.

How does a VC deal without at least a 1x liquidation preference work? The founders have taken $X from investors and control the board. What prevents them from selling the company and pocketing their share of $X? In what way is a 1X liquidation preference unfair?

Well, selling the company for the post-money valuation will give the investors their $X back. The thing that the liquidation preference works is preventing certain types of control fraud. For example, if the founders take $1M in funding on a $2M post-money valuation, then end up losing $1M to excessive payroll costs to insiders and sell the remnants of the company for the pre-money valuation, the investors are out ha…

Right, that's an example of the scenario I was referring to and why I pointed out that in the scenario we're talking about the founders retain control of the board.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#99
post #88

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Are you starting a (venture-scale) company? Learning this language is critical. Are you working for a startup? Becoming more familiar with this language is helpful - you can figure out whether the founders/executives know what they're doing or not. Are you working for a large company? Learning this language will not provide much benefit for you IMO.

If the answer to either of the first two questions is yes, where would I go to learn the jargon? (I do know about google, I'm just hoping there's a good resource that has everything so I don't need to search individual terms).

This book is pretty good and reasonably up to date: https://www.amazon.com/Entrepreneurs-Guide-Business-Law-4th/...

We used an older edition as a textbook in a Venture Capital seminar back when I was in law school.

Re: A Standard and Clean Series A Term Sheet

#100
post #2

Jason and I are happy to answer any questions people have about this document: why we included the terms we did, how to think about using, etc.

Why Delaware? I'm like, I grok it's a fan favorite and all for various reasons, but for those who aren't savvy about it, why Delaware? (And ideally: why not Delaware? Given that the gist of the criticism about it is that it hugely favors the investors over the founders and the employees.)
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