I think this is being overthought a bit. Good programmers can generate a huge amount of value, or reduce a lot of cost. Someone who is a little better can double those values. Someone who is a little worse can make them 0 or negative by decreasing the quality of the code. Therefore, good programmers are worth paying a lot for. The amount of money available may change, the amount of good programmers that are needed will change, but this formula will remain the same. As long as average programmers are worth something, the best programmers will be worth a lot.
Whether or not the best programmers actually get paid a lot depends on how efficient the market is and I have no idea about that. When crap programmers are getting paid a lot, then its probably a bubble.