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A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

thehustle.co

11–20 of 88 posts

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#11
Virginia Lottery director Ken Thorson pled to the press. “It is an opportunity for the common man to spend a small sum for the possibility of a higher prize… We never anticipated a group trying to make such a large purchase.”

Neither corporate lawyers nor government would ever acknowledge that loophole in a business models does not necessarily equals to fraud.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#12
post #9

AFAICT, many jackpot style lotteries get an expected value (EV) above 1 when the jackpots get big. They're set up so their average EV is 0.4 - 0.5, but when a jackpot isn't won, the payout is under 0.1. String a bunch of those together in a row, and the EV creeps above 1.0. The calculations are easy to do. You do need to estimate the number of people who buy the tickets so you can calculate the odds of sharing the ja…

Your EV numbers are high. If the EV was really significantly above 1.0 (say 1.5) then everyone would buy a lot of lotto tickets. It would be simple arbitrage. In reality all of those people buying extra tickets (because of the high perceived EV) would mean a higher chance of splitting the pot. Splitting the pot would reduce the real return by 1/2 for every person that purchased a ticket.

The post you replied to seem to imply a "naive EV", because they already discussed odds of sharing the jackpot.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#13

AFAICT, many jackpot style lotteries get an expected value (EV) above 1 when the jackpots get big. They're set up so their average EV is 0.4 - 0.5, but when a jackpot isn't won, the payout is under 0.1. String a bunch of those together in a row, and the EV creeps above 1.0. The calculations are easy to do. You do need to estimate the number of people who buy the tickets so you can calculate the odds of sharing the ja…

As the article mentions, lotteries protect themselves by making it logistically impossible for anybody to buy every ticket.

I wonder why they care. In fact, they need someone to win big, so as to entice future players...

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#14
post #7

AFAICT, many jackpot style lotteries get an expected value (EV) above 1 when the jackpots get big. They're set up so their average EV is 0.4 - 0.5, but when a jackpot isn't won, the payout is under 0.1. String a bunch of those together in a row, and the EV creeps above 1.0. The calculations are easy to do. You do need to estimate the number of people who buy the tickets so you can calculate the odds of sharing the ja…

While true, expected value isn't necessarily a useful metric at that point. If I have a one in a googol chance of winning a googolplex dollars, it doesn't really matter that the expected value is going to be huge, I still won't win anything because I'll be insolvent before the requisite number of tries to have a reasonable chance of winning.

thats why the people who do this work as a company and pool their resources

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#15
post #4

It's interesting that Jefferson had thoughts about the original intention of the lottery system. The logistics of buying each ticket seems nightmarish. I wonder if this same gaming can be applied to other things

Look into arbitrage betting: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrage_betting

The basic idea is you bet on every possible outcome of a match (win/lose/draw) with different bookies offering different odds that cover each other.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#16
post #9

AFAICT, many jackpot style lotteries get an expected value (EV) above 1 when the jackpots get big. They're set up so their average EV is 0.4 - 0.5, but when a jackpot isn't won, the payout is under 0.1. String a bunch of those together in a row, and the EV creeps above 1.0. The calculations are easy to do. You do need to estimate the number of people who buy the tickets so you can calculate the odds of sharing the ja…

Your EV numbers are high. If the EV was really significantly above 1.0 (say 1.5) then everyone would buy a lot of lotto tickets. It would be simple arbitrage. In reality all of those people buying extra tickets (because of the high perceived EV) would mean a higher chance of splitting the pot. Splitting the pot would reduce the real return by 1/2 for every person that purchased a ticket.

The odds of splitting the pot are calculated in my spreadsheet. In the first scenario, that decreases the EV from 2.15 to 1.11.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#17
post #7

AFAICT, many jackpot style lotteries get an expected value (EV) above 1 when the jackpots get big. They're set up so their average EV is 0.4 - 0.5, but when a jackpot isn't won, the payout is under 0.1. String a bunch of those together in a row, and the EV creeps above 1.0. The calculations are easy to do. You do need to estimate the number of people who buy the tickets so you can calculate the odds of sharing the ja…

While true, expected value isn't necessarily a useful metric at that point. If I have a one in a googol chance of winning a googolplex dollars, it doesn't really matter that the expected value is going to be huge, I still won't win anything because I'll be insolvent before the requisite number of tries to have a reasonable chance of winning.

Yeah, the Kelly Criterion is a good thing to explore in situations like this. If there's (truly) positive EV, you still should only spend a certain percentage of your bankroll on the bet. And if the bet has high payoff and low odds, your bankroll likely has to be astronomical in order for the bet to be a good decision.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#18

When I was in my final year of high school, Coca-cola was giving away an iPod Nano to lucky winners who entered codes from plastic bottle caps or glass bottle labels. An iPod was given away once per day, except Monday, when they were given out once per hour. I was competing against the rest of Switzerland. Each code had to be entered on a website, earning 0, 5, 10, 20 or 50 points. You could then choose how many poin…

I had a very similar story for the launch of the Xbox 360. Mountain Dew was auctioning one every 10 minutes with points. The obvious thing for me, though, was that you could get a code when signing up with your email. I had my own domain name at the time so I made a few hundred addresses and signed them all up. I actually won two Xboxes but never got the second one. Either they saw it was the same IP or caught on to what I was doing.

As a broke kid who has never won anything in his life, getting that Xbox (right at launch no less) was AMAZING. I was literally dancing with excitement which I don't think has ever happened since.

I sold it after a few months (was more of a PC gamer) and the hundreds that I got for it was also awesome.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#19
post #3

Seems kind of silly that they hyped it up as some kind of mathematical savant genius story, when it seems like they just took a simple lottery system (x numbers give y combinations, which sell for $1 per combination, for a total payout of >$3y) where the logistics operation was the more impressive aspect.

Others have tried this, and the lottery was cancelled and they got their money back. The reason was they fundamentally changed the nature of the game.

Re: A rogue Romanian economist legally gamed the lottery

#20
post #13

AFAICT, many jackpot style lotteries get an expected value (EV) above 1 when the jackpots get big. They're set up so their average EV is 0.4 - 0.5, but when a jackpot isn't won, the payout is under 0.1. String a bunch of those together in a row, and the EV creeps above 1.0. The calculations are easy to do. You do need to estimate the number of people who buy the tickets so you can calculate the odds of sharing the ja…

As the article mentions, lotteries protect themselves by making it logistically impossible for anybody to buy every ticket. I wonder why they care. In fact, they need someone to win big, so as to entice future players...

But someone will win big, sooner or later. It is more enticing that a random lucky person wins rather than a syndicate.
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