Earlier quoted context omitted.
Google has a lot more data than Facebook and Amazon combined. The targeting is not just based on your current search query. It forms a model of your behavior using your entire search history and browsing history which contains significantly more personal details about you and isn't limited to what you're willing to share in the public eye of Facebook. They also track your browsing history through every site you visit…
All true, but as a potential advertiser you don't really get to use all that targeting when placing ads. Although to be fair that's mostly based on my experience with AdWords. On Facebook I can advertise to people in a well-defined geographical area, who are interested in a scarily well-defined set of things. On Google it's more of a just-in-time approach; catching people who are searching for something in a certain…
https://support.google.com/google-ads/answer/1722043?hl=en
Disclosure: I work for Google in Ads Developer Relations