Pyxel: A retro game development environment in Python

Mode X was convoluted, and if you were serious about double buffering, whole screen pixel perfect scrolling, etc - you had to master it.

But if all you wanted to do was set pixels, VGA mode 13 (IIRC) really was just setting a value to (0xA0000+y * 320+x) ; Turbo Pascal even let you define an "array[0..199][0..319] of byte absolute $a000:0" and treat it as an array; If you manipulated a small enough part of the screen, it was reasonable to do "off screen rending" (poor man's double buffering) and use the CPU to copy onto the screen.

CGA/EGA/Hercules were slightly more complicated because of bit packing and other weird hardware constraints, but only slightly so. As were the flat bitmap modes of most machines at the time, true. But the built in BASICs more than made up for this, as far as beginners were concerned.

On the Apple ][, it was all of "HGR2 : PLOT 100, 100 : LINE 200,200" IIRC; On the spectrum, it was "PLOT 100, 100 : DRAW 100, 100"; on the BBC B (spiritual grandfather of the Raspberry Pi) it was "MODE 7 : LINE (100,100)-(200,200)"

C64 Basic was indeed spartan, but C64 did have a pixel addressable mode that was almost a walk in the park; CPU was limited, so 99.9% of games used the redefined-charset trick, which let them update only one 40x25 charmap instead of a much bigger pixel map (and ... it was actually perfectly matched to the game designs and other memory constraints of the time - your elements had to be repetitive due to lack of memory/cpu to do other things, and the charmap just constrained those repetition to start on an 8-pixel boundary).

I may remember a detail wrong in those examples - but basically, the C64 and VIC20 basics gave you little help; But the ZX Spectrum, Oric Atmos, IBM PC jr, Apple ][, Dragon 32/64, Elan, MSX and all other contemporaries made it extremely easy.

There's still plenty of games being released that are made by small groups of people.

I think Unity might be worth playing with for 3D stuff? Or modding the games they're already playing can be a fantastic learning experience.

Since it seems that many people here are unaware, so let me introduce Pico-8, the "Fantasy Video Game console" that is referenced in Pyxel's README as an inspiration: https://www.lexaloffle.com/pico-8.php

Pico-8 is (AFAIK) the program that kicked off a trend of simple game engines, and it is by far the most popular. A popular game that came out this year, Celeste, was originally a Pico-8 game that proved popular enough to remake in a more modern game engine. Pico-8 supports a Lua API, with a built-in graphics editor for 8x8 sprites, and a 4-channel audio editor. Games can be exported as a PC/Mac/Linux binary, into HTML+JS for embedding into a webpage, and even as a PNG for easy sharing to other users with the Pico-8 program. There's also a very active BBS where 'cartridges' can be shared and played online: https://www.lexaloffle.com/bbs/?cat=7#mode=carts

I'm a relatively novice programmer, and one of the things that frustrated me was how difficult it was to make a simple game on modern machines. I didn't want to have to set up a whole Unity project or dive into OpenGL just for a little proof of concept. I've been heavily using Pico-8 and really recommend it for simple game programming. There's also a hashtag on Twitter (if you're into that sort of thing), #pico8, where people try to create interesting visual code golf programs that fit into the size of a Tweet, then they post the source code and a gif.

I too found it hard to bring achievable game making into the hands of kids, but I've found Indie games have had a great renaissance, especially on portables like the Nintendo Switch. These have design spaces that are possible for mortals. Celeste, Death Road to Canada, Enter the Gungeon, etc.

Another angle is that there are some great courses online to use something like Unity and, maybe not write a whole game, but design, sculpt, script a boss battle.

Sure, that's a good analogy, but what's the point? He's still right.

When you are a kid, it is hard to see the forest from the trees. To people here, understanding the basics of game development in a limited environment as a stepping stone to building larger games is probably obvious. But kids don't really have that insight.

I think the solution is to provide that insight (and this should go for parents and game engine developers): that this is foundational game design and thinking. That everyone who's working in the industry today understands these foundations. And maybe that retro is still pretty cool ;-)