Earlier quoted context omitted.
"Tragedy of the Commons" is caused by the very existence of the modern state. No, you have it backwards. The "tragedy" was a fiction invented to justify the Acts of Enclosure in the UK, wherein public land (commons) was fenced off for sole use by the local lords. Here's a good explanation: http://www.monbiot.com/1994/01/01/the-tragedy-of-enclosure/ In a truly private system, one in which all land was owned, every par…
Your article says Hardins theory only works if their is no such thing as ownership. A commons is a piece of land supposedly used commonly and not owned by anyone. So Hardins theory is addressing tthings like the ocean and the air. This article might as well be rebutting the theory of gravity because it only applies to objects with mass.
No, Hardin himself intended his theory to address land usage; it's this article that argues the theory doesn't actually work properly in that context.