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Cloud TPUs in Beta

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Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#61
post #26

Some things: A "single TPU" is 4 ASICs. It is not clear if it makes sense to compare a "single TPU" to a "single GPU." As a point of reference, NVIDIA's numbers are 6 hours for Resnet-50 on Imagenet when training with 8xV100. From a naive extrapolation, 4xV100 would probably take ~12 hours and 1xV100 about two days. Google has previously only compared TPUs to K80, so it will be interesting to see some benchmarks that…

> A "single TPU" is 4 ASICs. It is not clear if it makes sense to compare a "single TPU" to a "single GPU."

Why does the number of chips matter?

Put another way, suppose Google tomorrow announced Cloud TPU v3 which was one ASIC identical in all ways to four v2 ASICs glued together. Would that be notable in any way? Seems like it would be a nop to me.

I think what matters is, how fast can you train a model, and at what cost? Doesn't really matter if it's one chip or 10,000 behind the scenes.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#64
post #43

This is exciting. There are lots of specific reasons to choose Google Cloud over AWS (and vice versa), but proprietary hardware is surely an advantage that is going to be hard to replicate / compete with. If TPUs hold up to the hype, GCloud may become the de facto for ML/AI startups.

>If TPUs hold up to the hype, GCloud may become the de facto for ML/AI startups. Don't startups want to win a big exit though? Google won't need to buy the startup for billions, because the TOS already grants them permission to use all the models and training data for free. Seems like a Faustian bargain to me.

Cloud TPU product manager here. As I said in another thread:

The TOS you are quoting only refers to the information you provide in the survey. Here are the Google Cloud TOS: https://cloud.google.com/terms/ if you're interested in what Cloud does with customers data.

5.2 Use of Customer Data. Google will not access or use Customer Data, except as necessary to provide the Services to Customer.

Your training data and models are secure.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#65
post #31

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Having had the chance to attend a fireside chat with leadership from Google and SAP, I get the sense that the hype is likely to hold up. There are a lot of big bets happening in the Enterprise space around this notion of efficient, easy to implement ML.

Can you describe a line of business function that makes novel use of ML?

From a media standpoint: frontline comment moderation. It would take a lot of the legwork out of filtering for advertisements, uncivil discussion, attacks, off topic posts, and trolling.

I believe NYT does this already, but using minimal oversight to prevent any edge case misses or false positives.

Presently there’s not much in the way of suitable options for large media that build their modules in house. At the same time media tends to prefer to not invest too heavily in hardware if they don’t have to. Convincing leadership of using a cloud service to train an AI/ML model sounds leaner and lets them tick off even more buzzwords for the executive, etc. That said, results from efforts in the aforementioned application sound promising.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#66
post #31

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Having had the chance to attend a fireside chat with leadership from Google and SAP, I get the sense that the hype is likely to hold up. There are a lot of big bets happening in the Enterprise space around this notion of efficient, easy to implement ML.

Can you describe a line of business function that makes novel use of ML?

I don't know what qualifies as novel for you but some use cases I've seen:

On the retail side: Using computer vision to deliver alerts about shelf condition.

For farming: Using computer vision + ML to devise and track health monitoring for crops.

For manufacturing: Predictive maintenance of equipment has been a very popular area of focus.

There have been countless use cases on the finance side of things. For instance, anomaly detection techniques help with reconciling accounts and detecting fraud.

The energy industry seems to never run out of use cases for tracking commodities and/or helping predict load.

In HR, predicting turnover and education demands are some of the early use cases being approached but I expect a lot more over time.

Logistics is another area that will have a seemingly endless supply of use case. Things like loss tracking, warehouse optimization, raw material allocation and sourcing. I don't think I've ever been involved in a logistics/manufacturing project that couldn't have used some ML to add efficiency to the process.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#67
Disclosure: I work on Google Cloud.

I want to highlight this paragraph from the post:

> Here at Google Cloud, we want to provide customers with the best cloud for every ML workload and will offer a variety of high-performance CPUs (including Intel Skylake) and GPUs (including NVIDIA’s Tesla V100) alongside Cloud TPUs.

We fundamentally want Google Cloud to be the best place to do computing. That includes AI/ML and so you’ll see us both invest in our own hardware, as well as provide the latest CPUs, GPUs, and so on. Don’t take this announcement as “Google is going to start excluding GPUs”, but rather that we’re adding an option that we’ve found internally to be an excellent balance of time-to-trained-model and cost. We’re still happily buying GPUs to offer to our Cloud customers, and as I said elsewhere the V100 is a great chip. All of this competition in hardware is great for folks who want to see ML progress in the years to come.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#68

I don't like it. Google is mixing too many things. No way to buy a TPU. No competition from other cloud providers. Proprietary hardware and vendor lock-in.

This is really Tensorflow as a service. You get an IP address and a port you send gRPC requests to:

https://github.com/tensorflow/tpu/blob/master/tools/diagnost...

Presumably, there's a whole server behind that address that has all the right drivers and libraries: details you don't need to care about.

The only partial lock-in is that not all ops are supported and you need to figure if there are any parts of the graph in the critical part that will run on the CPU instead. There's a tool for that:

https://cloud.google.com/tpu/docs/cloud-tpu-tools#tpu_compat...

Competitors could launch something similar that uses GPUs tomorrow. Now, if you don't already use TF and don't want to switch, that's another story.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#69
post #61
post #26

Some things: A "single TPU" is 4 ASICs. It is not clear if it makes sense to compare a "single TPU" to a "single GPU." As a point of reference, NVIDIA's numbers are 6 hours for Resnet-50 on Imagenet when training with 8xV100. From a naive extrapolation, 4xV100 would probably take ~12 hours and 1xV100 about two days. Google has previously only compared TPUs to K80, so it will be interesting to see some benchmarks that…

> A "single TPU" is 4 ASICs. It is not clear if it makes sense to compare a "single TPU" to a "single GPU." Why does the number of chips matter? Put another way, suppose Google tomorrow announced Cloud TPU v3 which was one ASIC identical in all ways to four v2 ASICs glued together. Would that be notable in any way? Seems like it would be a nop to me. I think what matters is, how fast can you train a model, and at wha…

It doesn't matter in the ways you are considering. The ultimate comparisons are going to be time, cost, and power to complete some benchmark, just as you say.

I only mention the number of chips because loads of people are comparing the "single TPU" to a single V100 with the assumption that it is meaningful. I don't know the TDP, die size, etc. of the TPUv2 chip, so it may well make more sense for ballpark comparisons to compare "single TPU" to 4xV100.

For example, a "single TPU" has 64 GB of memory, whereas a "single GPU" has 16 GB (V100). Is this meaningful? I don't know.

It just seems like something worth noting. I could buy a DGX1-V with 8xV100, rebrand it as the TWTW TPU, and then go around and tell everyone how my TPU is 8x faster than GPUs. It appears that everyone is normalizing by marketing unit until benchmarks come out, which is potentially flawed.

Re: Cloud TPUs in Beta

#70
post #28

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Nope, but I'm sure others do.

Microsoft uses FPGAs for Deep Learning. Source: https://techcrunch.com/2017/08/22/microsoft-brainwave-aims-t...

... for inference. I don't know of anyone who takes training on FPGAs seriously. They tend to get crushed by GPU/TPU/other ASIC in throughput, perf/watt, and perf/$.
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