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Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

aeon.co

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Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#11
>In short: many of the highest ideals of the later European Enlightenment had been conceived and summarised by one man, working in an Ethiopian cave from 1630 to 1632.

All of the highest ideals of the European enlightenment had been conceived by dozens of people all throughout human history. I fail to see what makes Yacob special in this regard. For example:

>He believed in the supremacy of reason

So did Aristotle. So did Socrates. So did most major Greek philosophers.

Also the supremacy of reason was part of the problem with the Athenian school of philosophical thought - Aristotle reasoned the octopus was a stupid animal because it was extremely curious, and he reasoned women had fewer teeth than men did, and he reasoned many things that were flatly wrong. Empericism is what changed the world, with rationalism as a supporting pillar, not pure logic itself divorced from evidence and experiment.

>In this way, Yacob opens up an enlightened discourse on the subjectivity of religion, while still believing in some kind of universal Creator.

Again, why does this make him special? Socrates was famously made to drink hemlock for his incessant questioning of the gods and the validity of religion.

>Yacob is also more enlightened than his Enlightenment peers when it comes to slavery. In chapter five, he argues against the idea that one can ‘go and buy a man as if he were an animal’.

"He has waged cruel war against human nature itself, violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of a distant people who never offended him, captivating & carrying them into slavery in another hemisphere or to incur miserable death in their transportation thither. This piratical warfare, the opprobrium of infidel powers, is the warfare of the Christian King of Great Britain. Determined to keep open a market where Men should be bought & sold, he has prostituted his negative for suppressing every legislative attempt to prohibit or restrain this execrable commerce. And that this assemblage of horrors might want no fact of distinguished die, he is now exciting those very people to rise in arms among us, and to purchase that liberty of which he has deprived them, by murdering the people on whom he has obtruded them: thus paying off former crimes committed again the Liberties of one people, with crimes which he urges them to commit against the lives of another."

-Thomas Jefferson, clause from first draft of the Declaration of Independence, removed due to Southern opposition (note: Jefferson owned a lot of slaves, and kept them his whole life)

Englithenment thinkers did not condone slavery, they were just willing to profit off it. Which is a cowardly and immoral thing to do, but again Yacob's thinking is not unique here.

>Within the discipline of history, new studies have shown that the most successful revolution to spring from the Enlightenment ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity was in Haiti rather than in France.

'Most successful' here meaning it ended in ethnic cleansing, frequent atrocity (including a castle "built on the bones of children"), and centuries of misery and death that continues to the present day while France....is one of the most prosperous nations on Earth.

At the risk of being reductionist, this article strikes me as being in a similar vein to "Ancient Egyptians were black!". That is, an attempt to elevate a modern minority group to higher prestige by attributing to them historical achievements they didn't really have any part in.

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#12

It's been a few years since I updated it, but I probably still have the only blog dedicated to Ethiopian philosophy: https://ethiopianphilosophy.wordpress.com/

Thanks! I was just looking at it from a link in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zera_Yacob_(philosopher)

Do you know whether Yacob's writings have been continuously studied in Ethiopia or "lost" and then found, and how? I guess the latter since your "very brief introduction" includes "As Claude Sumner has said, Zera Yacob’s treatise is “an absolutely original work,” and if philosophy in Ethiopia starts with Zera Yacob it also ends with [his student] Walda Heywat." I see from your bibliography there is a 1904 Latin translation of Yacob's work. How did that come about?

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#13

>In short: many of the highest ideals of the later European Enlightenment had been conceived and summarised by one man, working in an Ethiopian cave from 1630 to 1632. All of the highest ideals of the European enlightenment had been conceived by dozens of people all throughout human history. I fail to see what makes Yacob special in this regard. For example: >He believed in the supremacy of reason So did Aristotle. S…

Yacob is automatically treated as morally superior because he’s African. That’s the whole point. It’s not actually about who said what first. That’s just being used as a pretense for pushing his superiority (and the moral superiority of people of color in general, which totally goes against the ideas of individualism Yacob and others talked about).

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#14
post #13

>In short: many of the highest ideals of the later European Enlightenment had been conceived and summarised by one man, working in an Ethiopian cave from 1630 to 1632. All of the highest ideals of the European enlightenment had been conceived by dozens of people all throughout human history. I fail to see what makes Yacob special in this regard. For example: >He believed in the supremacy of reason So did Aristotle. S…

Yacob is automatically treated as morally superior because he’s African. That’s the whole point. It’s not actually about who said what first. That’s just being used as a pretense for pushing his superiority (and the moral superiority of people of color in general, which totally goes against the ideas of individualism Yacob and others talked about).

What if it's just an interesting historical fact?

Does everything have to be jammed into the culturewar narrative?

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#16
post #13

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Yacob is automatically treated as morally superior because he’s African. That’s the whole point. It’s not actually about who said what first. That’s just being used as a pretense for pushing his superiority (and the moral superiority of people of color in general, which totally goes against the ideas of individualism Yacob and others talked about).

What if it's just an interesting historical fact? Does everything have to be jammed into the culturewar narrative?

I highly doubt that, it was an explicitly political and racial article. It could basically be summarized like:

Yacob is the real creator of enlightenment ideas, and he’s morally pure unlike those evil racist white guys who just said a less good version of what he did.

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#17

>In short: many of the highest ideals of the later European Enlightenment had been conceived and summarised by one man, working in an Ethiopian cave from 1630 to 1632. All of the highest ideals of the European enlightenment had been conceived by dozens of people all throughout human history. I fail to see what makes Yacob special in this regard. For example: >He believed in the supremacy of reason So did Aristotle. S…

There's nothing you're wrong about, but I think you should reconsider how interesting Yacob is. The author of this article clearly has an agenda to belittle western philosophy, but that doesn't mean Yacob's story and writings can't be fascinating, albeit irrelevant to the progression of philosophy.

I seriously doubt you believe that someone has to be on the absolute vanguard of a subject for you to find it interesting.

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#19
post #6

We don't study philosophy simply based on who is first, we study texts because they are thorough and influential on future philosophical and political development. We know this because future scholars directly cite them. Before all the aforementioned authors, it's all but certain that many of these thoughts were had by unknown people without the ability to archive them in depth. The Bible alone is evidence of this; f…

This isn't as cheap as https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16200064 but it's still a shallow dismissal of a straw view of the article. What's interesting here is not that these guys did or didn't have historical influence—obviously they didn't, end of story. It's that their ideas were surprisingly similar to later, more famous thinkers in a place few would have expected. That easily clears the bar for interest on Ha…

Turns out, if you have some education, but then get rejected by your society for what seems like intellectually insignificant reasons, it's almost universal to react by thinking it's not fair and that everyone should be equal.

Re: Yacob and Amo: African precursors to Enlightenment thinkers

#20
post #13

>In short: many of the highest ideals of the later European Enlightenment had been conceived and summarised by one man, working in an Ethiopian cave from 1630 to 1632. All of the highest ideals of the European enlightenment had been conceived by dozens of people all throughout human history. I fail to see what makes Yacob special in this regard. For example: >He believed in the supremacy of reason So did Aristotle. S…

Yacob is automatically treated as morally superior because he’s African. That’s the whole point. It’s not actually about who said what first. That’s just being used as a pretense for pushing his superiority (and the moral superiority of people of color in general, which totally goes against the ideas of individualism Yacob and others talked about).

More like there are people who to this day attempt to use the influence of Western philosophy in arguments about why "Western culture" is inherently superior. This is not a strawman I'm referring to here, this is a literal argument made by white nationalists.

Highlighting the contributions made by philosophers from other cultures is an important part of combating these kinds of narratives.

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