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Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

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Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#11
post #9

Here at NASA Goddard, old wiring is often never removed. In the cable trays in the hall outside my office is some ancient coaxial Ethernet cable. At one point, there is a tap and one of the standard cables that went from the tap to a workstation. I keep thinking I should grab the tap and squirrel it away as a historical artifact.

probably a decent amount of copper in those old thicknet cables

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#12
post #8

Fascinating to learn that the Ethernet design of the Alto influenced the design of TCP. This might be common knowledge to those who lived through that era but as a millennial I wasn’t aware of this.

The story is that the PARC engineers went to the TCP design meetings, but Xerox lawyers wouldn't let them say anything about Pup. So the PARC engineers would just ask questions until the TCP designers realized the flaws in their proposals: "Have you considered what would happen if..." And the TCP designers would go, "Hey! You've done this before, haven't you!"

That's both an awesome anecdote and a great way to approach any design review.

If you can take the time it's a great way provide technical feedback in a way that isn't hostile and keeps an open dialog.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#13
How did we make a similar adaptor in the 80'ies with a microprocessor running 2 MHz? Fortunately the PLA was invented. A few bits of memory and a little programmable logic. Enough to synchronize to the, in this case 2.35 MHz, Manchester coded bitstream and assemble the data bits into bytes. The processor was still not fast enough to handle the control bytes of the data stream in real time. It could actually handle the controlling logic, but then it had no time left for looping around. The trick was then to disable the processors address bus during program fetching and feed it instructions from a separate ROM, controlled by another small PLA which also handled the looping.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#14
post #13

How did we make a similar adaptor in the 80'ies with a microprocessor running 2 MHz? Fortunately the PLA was invented. A few bits of memory and a little programmable logic. Enough to synchronize to the, in this case 2.35 MHz, Manchester coded bitstream and assemble the data bits into bytes. The processor was still not fast enough to handle the control bytes of the data stream in real time. It could actually handle th…

While I love this (and I am ECSTATIC about the PRU documentation ... thankyouthankyouthankyouthankyouthankyouthankyouthankyou ... I have been using this right now), I would expect this would have been loads easier with even something really cheap like a MAX10 FPGA.

However, he does mention needing a network stack, so maybe not.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#15
post #10
post #9

Here at NASA Goddard, old wiring is often never removed. In the cable trays in the hall outside my office is some ancient coaxial Ethernet cable. At one point, there is a tap and one of the standard cables that went from the tap to a workstation. I keep thinking I should grab the tap and squirrel it away as a historical artifact.

Vampire tap. You had to place them at marked locations on the coax because of signal reflections.

And because at that point the shield wires were spaced further apart so as not to short out the connection.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#16
post #9

Here at NASA Goddard, old wiring is often never removed. In the cable trays in the hall outside my office is some ancient coaxial Ethernet cable. At one point, there is a tap and one of the standard cables that went from the tap to a workstation. I keep thinking I should grab the tap and squirrel it away as a historical artifact.

NASA JSC were still using Altos systems for word processing in the early 90s when I was there, complete with a dancing Snoopy screen saver. I wouldn't play with the cables because there could still be a legacy server somewhere humming away in the forlorn hope someone will need to print a station manual.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#17
post #7
post #5

What is inside the Alto's ethernet transceiver? From the remark that interface between Alto and transceiver is TTL I gather that it is not same as 10M one (which transformer-coupled RS-422-ish differential interface) and also the collision signal detected by transceiver should probably be different.

The transceiver basically has three parts. There's the logic side connected to the Alto, which XORs the sent data and received data to see if there's a collision. The cable-side circuitry has some analog stuff to put signals in and out of the coax. These two sides are connected via transformers for isolation. Finally there's a simple switching power supply to provide isolated 5.7V to the cable-side circuitry. (You wa…

Interesting, I wonder what the funky magnetically-coupled circuit with Q1 and Q2 is for.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#18
post #10

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Vampire tap. You had to place them at marked locations on the coax because of signal reflections.

And because at that point the shield wires were spaced further apart so as not to short out the connection.

Really? Sounds like a major complication to the cable manufacturing process. Wouldn't all those holes in the shielding hose degrade cable specs? All for not having to drill a hole for the eventual connecting tap.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#19
post #7

Earlier quoted context omitted.

The transceiver basically has three parts. There's the logic side connected to the Alto, which XORs the sent data and received data to see if there's a collision. The cable-side circuitry has some analog stuff to put signals in and out of the coax. These two sides are connected via transformers for isolation. Finally there's a simple switching power supply to provide isolated 5.7V to the cable-side circuitry. (You wa…

Interesting, I wonder what the funky magnetically-coupled circuit with Q1 and Q2 is for.

That's the switching power supply for the circuitry on the coax side of isolation. The coils are coupled to E, F, G which feed the 5.7V power supply on the previous page.

Re: Xerox Alto's 3 Mb/s Ethernet: Building a Gateway with a BeagleBone

#20
post #19

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Interesting, I wonder what the funky magnetically-coupled circuit with Q1 and Q2 is for.

That's the switching power supply for the circuitry on the coax side of isolation. The coils are coupled to E, F, G which feed the 5.7V power supply on the previous page.

That's what I thought at first, but the pin numbers (5, 6, and 7) on the E/F/G windings at right overlap with the pin numbers for the primary, suggesting they're different parts altogether. Pretty confusing...
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