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Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

eff.org

221–230 of 299 posts

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#221

How do you draw a line between accessing disturbing contents such as child porn vs accessing a leaked document? It seems the former requires some additional moral take - what if the click was accidental and it was an attack? What if the person onlu watched but doesn’t possess the content?

In a court of law, the way we do for all grey areas between legal and illegal in our society. Law is not binary, it’s fuzzy and requires manual intervention. That’s ok.

However: That’s not what this article is about. That we don’t have a perfect solution for whatever weird corner cases (accidentally clicking on child porn?), should not change this very honest, serious and real issue the eff is addressing here. It is a distraction. We can hypothesise about edge cases until the cows come home, but to what end?

I get how a life of working in binary makes us immediately jump to the corner cases. It’s a curse on any legal discussion on HN. But it’s not relevant, and, imo, it dilutes the energy.

Edit : that came out harsh so I’d like to clarify: I get, 100%, where this “looking for the flaws” mentality comes from. It’s what makes a good programmer. A function that only follows the spec for 75% of its possible inputs is wrong. A law, not necessarily. We need to be careful not to keep our engineering hats on when switching to discussing law.

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#222
post #60

Access that does not require authentication should never be a crime. If LinkedIn wants the courts to intervene, they must require authentication for their data. If they also want Google to scrape their site, they must require Googlebot to authenticate itself.

> Access that does not require authentication should never be a crime. Careful, this could legitimize things like accidental denial of service. Depending on circumstances, even basic scraping could cause problems. (I need to be vague to avoid violating an NDA.) A major internet site had a URL that went something like somedomain/group?id=xxxxx. It turns out that a simple scraper, that called id=1, id=2, id=3, ect, ect…

> Careful, this could legitimize things like accidental denial of service. Depending on circumstances, even basic scraping could cause problems.

I have to "deal" with that problem every day. Misconfigured scrapers are dealt with by apache as are idiots who try to DoS the site (an intelligent attack still needs manual intervention, though).

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#223

Earlier quoted context omitted.

Are you suggesting that someone should do time for running a script that happen to stumble on one of your bugs?

If the activity caused actual damages and was outside the scope of normal usage? Yes. You're still culpable if your actions break your neighbor's window, even if it was accidentally while you were opening it.

Say a business publishes a phone number and they typically get X calls per day.

After doing something that pisses a lot of people off, they start getting 1000X calls per day on the same number, almost all complaints.

This cases actual damages (no "normal" customers can get through) and is also clearly outside the scope of "normal" usage.

Do you think the same rules apply?

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#224

Earlier quoted context omitted.

>A major internet site had a URL that went something like somedomain/group?id=xxxxx. It turns out that a simple scraper, that called id=1, id=2, id=3, ect, ect, caused a major problem! This is a failure on the part of the developers at that "major internet site". Using a guid instead of consecutive IDs, a rate limiter, hell even just a cache...or all of the above. There are lots of solutions here. You have to take ro…

No, that is a failure of the developer of the scraper. I am definitely pro scraping, but you have to be a good neighbor.

Oh come on, you're trying to scrape the data out of a black box. You have no idea what their infrastructure is like, and for your purposes, you don't really care.

Of course, some sense is more than welcome, but if my scraper makes one request every 2 sec knocks down your server, it's your fault, not mine.

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#225
post #190
post #174

Earlier quoted context omitted.

So we have an unclear "standard" that is only a de facto standard (and still varies in more advances directives between few big bots) that you're "pretty sure" about but that's seemingly not written down in its entirety anywhere and it'd also be enforced selectively depending on whether or not "someone particularly cares". Truly perfect and foolproof law that would be. And all this to protect some corp's business mod…

I disagree that laws that can only be enforced against US companies / people are worthless. Requiring a human would increase costs and it doesn't seem like a good argument against anything.

But they are in this case. They would not stop any scraped data from popping up for sale in shady places. That can be done by LinkedIn or whoever themselves using some smart way to detect bots and stop them from scraping their website.

The only people a robots.txt law would affect are private users who set up a Python script to scrape a single page for themselves to check for something, things like archive.org, researchers, automated website testers, etc. while anyone nefarious can just rent a shady VPN or use a server in Russia, China, Middle East, etc.

Requiring a human barely increases the cost if that data is so valuable in the first place and would be last resort anyway, far after just running the bots from a shady country, for captcha it's done because it's technically easier/cheaper (although supposedly automated solvers exist too).

But laws that punish outright gross negligence would help protect everyone who uses these American websites (and most of the world does) from data leaks of data that is arguably way more sensitive (emails, unhashed passwords, SS and CC numbers, real names even like in Ashley Madison case, etc.).

LinkedIn used sha1 with no salt as recently as 2012 (when they were hacked) for passwords and over 100 million such username + password combinations got stolen. Not only is sha1 not good enough for passwords but for many common and simple words (yes, yes, they are bad passwords, but people do use them) just googling can "crack" them due to lack of salt. The law should either go both ways or neither.

To suggest such heavy handed laws like considering robots.txt ignorance hacking while multi million corporations with millions of users get away with stuff like that (and I mean true negligence of most basic practices, not some obscure bug in the underlying software or something else that isn't absolutely obvious) over and over and over again that every random free my-first-login-page and my-first-SQL-injection-prevention tutorials advise against is absolutely ridiculous and anti-consumer.

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#226
post #9

>good bots You mean, bots that obey robots.txt? https://www.linkedin.com/robots.txt very specifically prohibits scraping by any bot besides a small whitelist. robots.txt compliance is not difficult to build. I'm fine with robots.txt violations being considered hacking.

>robots.txt compliance is not difficult to build. I'm fine with robots.txt violations being considered hacking.

I'm not. You can set up a server to serve different versions of robots.txt to different folks. A malicious actor could deliberately feed inputs to a specific crawler that convince it to violate the terms of the robots.txt it serves to everyone else, and then press for criminal charges against the operator of the scraper.

In a sufficiently adversarial relationship, this lets website owners turn any well-behaved site scraper into criminal activity. That's not a power we want to grant.

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#227
post #9

>good bots You mean, bots that obey robots.txt? https://www.linkedin.com/robots.txt very specifically prohibits scraping by any bot besides a small whitelist. robots.txt compliance is not difficult to build. I'm fine with robots.txt violations being considered hacking.

>I'm fine with robots.txt violations being considered hacking.

Okay. Start with something simple then - how would you define a "bot" and thus subject to your robots.txt rule?

Is my web-browser a bot? What about a proxy? What about a deaf persons screen reader?

If my web-browser pre-fetches links near my mouse pointer, is that a bot? What if it downloads the whole of an article split over, say, ten pages?

I think of robots.txt similar to posting a "No Trespassing" sign. For a private residence, it's almost not even required, yet for something like a shopping mall during opening hours, the default assumption is that anyone is allowed to be there without a specific invitation, until they are expressly asked to leave and not come back.

Trying to nail down the exact line is a tough issue.

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#228

Earlier quoted context omitted.

> How does a website put reasonable limits on access? 1) Blocking TCP connections 2) Returning a 4XX error, perhaps even "401 Authorization Required", "402 Payment Required", "403 Forbidden", or "429 Too Many Requests" > A regular B&M store can refuse service to disruptive people and trespass people who don't comply, why not servers? A Brick and Mortar store has to _tell_ you you're being banned. The mechanisms I lis…

Looking in a window from a public place doesn't use any resources of the company being looked-upon.

This legal complaint is not about resources used; it's not a "They criminally DDoSes us".

This lawsuit is an attempt to stop competition by curbing access to data, not about ensuring reasonable use of apis and rate limits.

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#229
post #123

Earlier quoted context omitted.

And, technically, you did essentially request access. An anonymous HTTP request doesn't have to be honored by the web server.

This right here folks. This is how I would prefer government worked. Imagine putting the liability back on the corporation for confirming access because in place "protocols" that approved it?

I recall seeing in the wild an HTTP User Agent string that included a EULA for the server stating essentially that they, not the client, were on the hook for any BS if they failed to immediately close the connection.

IANAL but, uh, seems legit... ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

Re: Accessing Publicly Available Information on the Internet Is Not a Crime

#230
post #126

Earlier quoted context omitted.

You can put up a "no trespassing sign" on your property (although there's some debate as to how much that actually counts for - a quick search pulls up https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/201... )

Robots.txt is not a 'no-trespassing' sign. Robots.txt is a 'whites-only' sign. The information is available to the public, just not for certain classes. This is and should be legally unenforceable. If something is truly meant to be private it should not be referenced from a public-facing page or it should have access control enabled.

Robots.txt is more like a "No trucks allowed on street" sign. It allows uses that are typically associated with individuals (viewing a web page, being in a car), while disallowing things that are normally associated with business (web scraping, driving a truck).
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