I run my coding camp to teach adults how to code. Although not entirely similar to the Socratic method, we focus on asking questions to teach because it is the most effective and it scales incredibly well (so far).
Here's a glimpse of how our teaching system works, hope it helps someone:
1. Each lesson starts with a maximum of 5 definitions and concepts: (What is a function, how to pass parameters into a function, how to add, etc.) It takes about 10 minutes to go over these.
2. The rest of the lesson would be going one example after another (recursion, callbacks, etc.)
3. When the lesson is done (having worked through some examples together), the student will get more practice problems as well as notes for the lesson (the definition and concepts and examples we went over)
4. The student is now responsible for teaching that lesson for all incoming students.
In our lessons, all interactions are 1-1. Teaching by asking questions scales really well in 1-1 interactions. This quickly disintegrates in a group setting though, because everyone draws different analogies and has a different pace of understanding.
On weekends, our students pair up with engineers to teach engineers what they learned and also get insight on how engineers ask questions: http://bootcamp.garagescript.com/