Earlier quoted context omitted.
I'm not sure how exactly these infections work, but one method would be to infect the developers' PCs. In which case you essentially can't trust anything. You'd need some kind of byzantine fault tolerance (mandatory multi-person code review?) to be sure nothing like this ever happens What makes this scary is that, as far as I know, pretty much no software has that kind of security, and there are several pieces of wid…
You can enable AppLocker and have explicit control on what executes and what not by creating rules. I know quite a few companies that enforce its use in their employees' PCs.
I think that there needs to be a more complete solution than just "secure the developers machines". You need to have peer-review, where the developers sign commits to approve them.