Earlier quoted context omitted.
I've always wondered what it would look like to tie one of those roadside speed monitoring trailers (they have a sign telling you the speed limit, and your speed) which were in contact with a 'speed bump' filled with hydraulic fluid. The faster you go over the limit, the harder and taller the speed bump :-) If you did this with a camera system you could avoid penalizing emergency vehicles.
The main issue is that everything movable or deformable is going to get absolutely wrecked by vehicles, in short order. Even old-fashioned speed bumps get severe ridges worn into them by vehicles that go too fast. They need to be repaired after a year or two. And even if that doesn't happen, they experience severe forces from wheels, every single day. You (and the non-newtonian bump mentioned in the article) suggest…
In Las Vegas they had very deep 'gullys' on either side of a street to facilitate flash floodwater and where those 'flood streets' crossed others there were 'speed ditches' :-) They were very effective as the wear and tear occurred on the car that was grounding out after going over them too quickly.
Chicanes are ok but people who try to go through them too fast and get stuck after colliding with one side or the other cause problems.