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Tesla Model S battery degradation data

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Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#61

FYI: Tesla batteries are literally laptop batteries with cell balancing. No secret battery magic going on. You could in theory crack open the pack and replace inefficient cells to get your capacity back. But, I'm assuming this is too huge a PITA for most people.

It's a PITA and also kind of dangerous.

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#62
post #10

Average life of ICE vehicles can't be 266kkm, that's absurdly low. Most of people I know have bought vehicles with that mileage and used it for another 100kkm after that at some point in their life (think first/second car, second family car, etc.). It's important to know that especially in Central/Eastern Europe, you can never trust the car's odometer - even the cars I'm talking about had probably more than 350kkm wh…

I have seen plenty of cars not make to 165_000 miles, those that do are often near the end of their life. Mine is beat and barely holding together and it is at 97_000 miles.

I had a 98 Jeep Sport Cherokee at 170k miles. One time I ran into a guy with the same car at a Walgreens (same model, same color, same year), we said hi and laughed about it. His had recently hit 300k and was still going strong. Cars can last quite a long time with regular maintenance.

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#63
Battery science is fascinating. Here's in an-depth look at degredation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qi03QawZEk

The speaker (Jeff Dahn -- he now works with Tesla) pioneered a faster way to tell how fast a battery will degrade (which means you can iterate your design faster!)

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#65

FYI: Tesla batteries are literally laptop batteries with cell balancing. No secret battery magic going on. You could in theory crack open the pack and replace inefficient cells to get your capacity back. But, I'm assuming this is too huge a PITA for most people.

The "technology" involved here is #1 understating the raw capacity of the battery and #2 managing the charge/discharge levels and rates to maintain that capacity. This gives a good user experience and perception of longevity. Apple does the same thing with the iPhone and it makes the iPhone user experience noticeably better than comparable Android handsets where the charge controller just charges the battery as high…

> Apple does the same thing with the iPhone and it makes the iPhone user experience noticeably better than comparable Android handsets where the charge controller just charges the battery as high and as fast as it can.

iPhone battery life and lifespan has been a much-hyped thing in certain circles for a while, so back when I got my first iPhone 5S, imagine my dismay to discover it was actually not noticeably different than my old HTC. Same with the 6.

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#66
post #9

This is fundamentally flawed because lithium batteries mostly degrade not because of amount of use, but because of time (and their charge state and temperature during this time). No matter if used or not, they will lose capacity. The rate of capacity loss is mainly dependent of average charge (best is 40%, worst is 100%) and temperature (best is 5 degrees C, the higher the worse). (This is also why phone batteries fa…

They have a chart for calendar degradation. It's not weighted by mileage, but there are none of the datapoints you'd expect for that proposition (low miles, high age, high degradation).

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#67
post #9

This is fundamentally flawed because lithium batteries mostly degrade not because of amount of use, but because of time (and their charge state and temperature during this time). No matter if used or not, they will lose capacity. The rate of capacity loss is mainly dependent of average charge (best is 40%, worst is 100%) and temperature (best is 5 degrees C, the higher the worse). (This is also why phone batteries fa…

I do not believe that the passage of time is the main cause of lithium ion battery degradation. The source that you linked, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775316..., does not seem to support that idea either.

Figure 3 from the paper, "Cause and effect of degradation mechanisms and associated degradation modes," shows time as just one of 8 degradation mechanisms affecting lithium ion batteries. Other figures/tables from the paper do not emphasize time as the primary degradation mechanism, nor does the body text. Nor is there any explicit passage-of-time term in the final diagnostic model that the authors develop.

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#68
post #22
post #10

Earlier quoted context omitted.

I have seen plenty of cars not make to 165_000 miles, those that do are often near the end of their life. Mine is beat and barely holding together and it is at 97_000 miles.

165 000 miles is 266 000 km, for the readers who might wonder. My car is at 350 000 km now, and I'm not planning on selling it anytime soon. It doesn't have any special problem, except for a malfunctioning electric window lifter on one side. It's only one data point of course.

> except for a malfunctioning electric window lifter on one side.

There's probably a Youtube video that'll walk you through how to replace it. I replaced the one on the driver's side door of our 2001 Honda Odyssey last year. I think it was like $120-150 (USD) for the part and 3ish hours. I know almost nothing about fixing cars (just generally how to use basic tools), but have used info from forums and (especially) youtube to fix several things like that on our cars.

[EDIT] great thing about the Youtube videos is you can get a good idea of whether it's something you can manage yourself before you tear your car apart.

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#69
post #5

Is there a non-linear decline at the end? i.e. do the batteries at some point just give up and capacity starts declining very quickly?

No, loss slows down over time and continues to drop approximately linearly. The batteries develop a protective effect as they degrade, which slows further loss.

Re: Tesla Model S battery degradation data

#70

What could explain the graphs and cycle stability is that Tesla does not deplete the battery pack below a certain percentage of the real battery capacity or over a threshold... basically they keep the battery pack well beyond the critical ranges where batteries degrade from simply idling, and they "undersell" the pack capacity.

Tesla undermarks their sticker capacity by ~3% usually, which is just to keep you from totally destroying the battery by overdriving it. For normal wear and tear they have a charge limit, which sets a soft maximum charge. 80% is standard IIRC, but it can be set up to 100% (which is just slightly below the actual capacity).
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