Former finance professional here: Ford is actually worth 3 times as much as Tesla, once you factor in debt. The total value of the Ford capital structure ("enterprise value") is about 150 billion. When two companies have wildly different capital structures, you have to compare them on enterprise value, not the market cap of their equity. So while I give kudos to Tesla for building a valuable business, it still has a…
[edit]: Current finance professional here. > When two companies have wildly different capital structures, you have to compare them on enterprise value, not the market cap of their equity. So while I give kudos to Tesla for building a valuable business, it still has a long way to go to catch up to Ford. That is not necessarily true. Market cap and enterprise value are two equally valid ways of measuring value or worth…
I think it's a very tortured definition of "value", though... I don't have a Bloomberg terminal in front of me anymore to check, but I'm guessing Ford's bonds are generally trading closer to par than zero. In which case the bondholders are telling you they think there is about $100 billion worth of additional value to Ford's business beyond the value of the equity. That's a really big piece of context to this story.
I agree with you in principle that market cap is a perfectly valid metric, but when you're comparing a majority-equity company to a majority-debt company (assuming the bonds are valued as non-distressed assets) it ignores something very, very significant.