Real estate is expensive in CA precisely because of Prop 13.
In order to switch to a property tax revenue model you need to repeal Prop 13, at which point real estate prices and thus prospective revenue will plummet.
Prop 13 incentivizes homeowners to stay put until they die. In other words, it puts tremendous downward pressure on the housing supply which results in a self-reinforcing feedback loop whereby the more real estate prices grow the greater the tax incentive to stay put.
Changing this state of affairs is near impossible. Nobody is going to trade increased mobility and a more efficient housing market for a precipitous drop in the paper value of their primary asset, even though on the whole it'd probably be better for everybody.
Why precipitous? Because locking in, under Prop 13, your first year property valuation is a huge part of the calculus for determining affordability and your bidding price. If a new home owner doesn't get the benefit of Prop 13, he's going to pay far less for a house. Which means you can't even ease California out of the cycle by grandfathering existing homeowners in the hopes of avoiding their ire.
Repealing Prop 13 just isn't politically viable. It's a fascinating state of affairs.