An alternate idiom that avoids the "cult" versus "cargo cult" confusion would be "I don't know what's in their [corporate] Kool-Aid over there...".
That evokes the image of Jim Jones People's Temple Jonestown mass murder-suicide, using poisoned Flavor Aid beverage mix. In a corporate context, "drinking the Kool-Aid" means to uncritically embrace the corporate culture, even if it is actually toxic.
Anecdotally, companies that try to impress a culture upon their employees always do it to obscure the otherwise obvious shortcomings in the business itself. Without fail, it is continuously reinforced propaganda, designed to create an irrational emotional attachment to the workplace. Subtler versions use "we" or "us" to refer to the employee labor, rather than the owners and managers.
Everyone does it to some extent, and once you can see the fnords, you can't stop seeing them.
The literal cargo cultists were south Pacific islanders that saw temporary military airfields constructed in World War 2, and planes filled with valuable cargo landing on them or making airdrops, correlated the two, and then built their own mock airfields so that the goods would once again rain down from the sky. The business of running a working airfield was transformed into a religious ritual to call down manna from heaven. In a modern figurative sense, "cargo culting" is something like instituting a daily stand-up meeting when your development process is not actually Agile Manifesto compatible.
While "cult" is in a literal sense nothing more than a group with a common religion, the word has acquired a derogatory shading that implies practices hostile and predatory to the membership, secrecy, and insularity. If your religion severely punishes heterodoxy or apostasy, attempts to supplant or replace your supportive institutions such as family, friends, and government, and encourages you to liquidate your own wealth and transfer it to the religious leadership, it will probably be referred to by non-members and the news media as a cult. Some businesses employ cult-like practices, and often replace the direct tithing with less obvious schemes, such as multilevel marketing or sweatshop labor.